活性炭配炭的吸附性能及其与孔结构的关系

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0450

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采制11种典型水处理用商品活性炭样品，两两混合进行配炭，对配炭组分及配炭的碘值、亚甲蓝值、丹宁酸值和焦糖脱色率等吸附性能指标及孔结构特征进行了测试和表征。采用加权平均拟合、线性拟合及多项式拟合等方法，研究配炭吸附性能指标与配炭组分吸附性能指标间的量化关系，关联活性炭孔结构与吸附性能指标。结果表明：活性炭配炭的吸附性能指标可由配炭组分的吸附性能指标通过加权平均计算，相对误差<4%，且配炭的孔结构也具备加和性；活性炭碘值、亚甲蓝值、丹宁酸值和焦糖脱色率的大小分别取决于活性炭1.0~2.8nm、1.5~10nm、2.0~50nm和3.0~50nm孔隙的发达程度，与孔容积的线性相关系数介于0.91~0.94。

关键词: 活性炭, 配炭, 吸附性能, 孔结构

Abstract:

Eleven typical commercial activated carbons for water treatment were sampled, and then a series of blending activated carbon samples were prepared by mixing them in pairs. The adsorption properties including iodine number, methylene blue adsorption value, tannic acid number and caramel adsorption value of these original and blending activated carbon samples were determined, and their pore structure characteristics were characterized. Besides, the quantitative relationship of adsorption property between blending activated carbons and original activated carbons was investigated by weighted average fitting method, linear fitting method and polynomial fitting method. Also, the dependence of adsorption property on porosity was analyzed and discussed. The results showed that the adsorption properties of blending activated carbons can be calculated by those of original activated carbon according to the weighted average method, the relative error is less than 4%. And the blending carbon porosity is also additive. The iodine number, methylene blue adsorption value, tannic acid number and caramel adsorption value are dependent on the pore volume of 1.0—2.8nm, 1.5—10nm, 2.0—50nm and 3.0—50nm, with linear correlation coefficients of 0.91—0.94, respectively.

Key words: activated carbon, blending carbon, adsorption property, pore structure

中图分类号:

TQ424.1

刘德钱,解强,万超然,邓锋,黄小晴,翟笑迪. 活性炭配炭的吸附性能及其与孔结构的关系[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(12): 5578-5586.

Deqian LIU,Qiang XIE,Chaoran WAN,Feng DENG,Xiaoqing HUANG,ZHAI Xiaodi. Adsorption properties of blending activated carbons and their relationship with pore structure[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(12): 5578-5586.

图/表 15

参考文献 28

1	YE B , WANG W , YANG L , et al . Formation and modeling of disinfection by-products in drinking water of six cities in China[J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2011, 13(5): 1271-1275.
2	SADIQ R , RODRIGUEZ M . Disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water and predictive models for their occurrence: a review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2004, 321(1/2/3): 21-46.
3	郑少奎, 李晓锋 . 城市污水处理厂出水中的药品和个人护理品[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34(8): 3316-3326.
	ZHENG Shaokui , LI Xiaofeng . Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the effluent of sewage treatment plants[J]. Environmental Science, 2013, 34(8): 3316-3326.
4	JURADO A , VÀZQUEZ-SUÑÉ E , CARRERA J , et al . Emerging organic contaminants in groundwater in Spain: a review of sources, recent occurrence and fate in a European context[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2012, 440: 82-94.
5	SCHRIKS M , HERINGA M B , KOOI M M E VAN DER , et al . Toxicological relevance of emerging contaminants for drinking water quality[J]. Water Research, 2010, 44(2): 461-476.
6	乔铁军, 张锡辉 . 臭氧生物活性炭技术应用中水质安全研究[J]. 环境科学, 2009, 30(11): 3311-3315.
	QIAO Tiejun , ZHANG Xihui . Water quality safety of ozonation and biologically activated carbon process in application[J]. Environment Science, 2009, 30(11): 3311-3315.
7	WANG X , LI D , XI B , et al . Molecular weight distributions of effluent organic matters and the biodegradability assessment of a typical advanced drinking water treatment plant in South China[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2013, 53(7): 1855-1861.
8	陈义春, 戴盛, 朱永林, 等 . 臭氧/生物活性炭深度去除有机物的效果研究[J]. 中国给水排水, 2015, 31(23): 51-53.
	CHEN Yichun , DAI Sheng , ZHU Yonglin , et al . Advanced removal of organics by ozone/biological activated carbon treatment process[J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2015, 31(23): 51-53.
9	路遥, 李建芬, 李红霞, 等 . 废弃粉末活性炭热解再生实验及表征分析[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(1): 389-394.
	LU Yao , LI Jianfen , LI Hongxia , et al . Experimental and characteristic analysis on pyrolysis regeneration of waste powdered activated carbon[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(1): 389-394.
10	YAO X , XIE Q , YANG C , et al . Additivity of pore structural parameters of granular activated carbons derived from different coals and their blends[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2016, 26(4): 661-667.
11	刘德钱, 王兆凝, 蒋煜, 等 . 煤质颗粒活性炭反冲膨胀率的测定[J]. 中国给水排水, 2017, 33(7): 68-72.
	LIU Deqian , WANG Zhaoning , JIANG Yu , et al . Measurement and study on backwashing expansion rate of coal-based activated carbons used for water treatment[J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2017, 33(7): 68-72.
12	VUTHALURU H B , BROOKE R J , ZHANG D K , et al . Effects of moisture and coal blending on Hardgrove Grindability Index of Western Australian coal[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2003, 81(1): 67-76.
13	胡潮 . 配煤燃烧对锅炉安全运行的影响[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2013, 19(4): 73-76.
	HU Chao . Influence of blending coal combustion on boiler operation[J]. Clean Coal Technology, 2013, 19(4): 73-76.
14	许伟, 刘军利, 孙康 . 活性炭吸附法在挥发性有机物治理中的应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(4): 1223-1229.
	XU Wei , LIU Junli , SUN Kang . Application progresses in the treatment of volatile organic compounds by adsorption on activated carbon[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2016, 35(4): 1223-1229.
15	PELEKANI C , SNOEYINK V L . Competitive adsorption between atrazine and methylene blue on activated carbon: the importance of pore size distribution[J]. Carbon, 2000, 38(10): 1423-1436.
16	PELEKANI C , SNOEYINK V L . Competitive adsorption in natural water: role of activated carbon pore size[J]. Water Research, 1999, 33(5): 1209-1219.
17	丁桓如, 张玉婷, 靳文广, 等 . 给水处理用活性炭吸附性能指标的讨论[J]. 给水排水, 2011, 37(9): 119-125.
	DING Hengru , ZHANG Yuting , JIN Wenguang , et al . Discussion on activated carbon adsorption performance index in water treatment[J]. Water & Wastewater Engineering, 2011, 37(9): 119-125.
18	YING W , ZHANG W , CHANG Q , et al . Improved methods for carbon adsorption studies for water and wastewater treatment[J]. Environmental Progress, 2006, 25(2): 110-120.
19	张巍, 应维琪, 常启刚, 等 . 水处理活性炭吸附性能指标的表征与应用[J]. 中国环境科学, 2007, 27(3): 289-294.
	ZHANG Wei , YING Weiqi , CHANG Qigang , et al . Adsorptive capacity indicator based method of carbon selection for treatability[J]. China Environmental Science, 2007, 27(3): 289-294.
20	高尚愚, 周建斌, 左宋林, 等 . 碘值、亚甲基蓝及焦糖脱色力与活性炭孔隙结构的关系[J]. 南京林业大学学报, 1998, 22(4): 25-29.
	GAO Shangyu , ZHOU Jianbin , ZUO Songlin , et al . A study on the relationship between the iodine number, methylene blue adsorption, caramel adsorption and the pore structure of activated carbons[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University, 1998, 22(4): 25-29.
21	FENG B , BHATIA S K . Variation of the pore structure of coal chars during gasification[J]. Carbon, 2003, 41(3): 507-523.
22	SMISEK M , CEMY S . Active carbon: manufacture, properties and applications[M]. New York: Elsevier, 1970.
23	WU F , TSENG R , JUANG R . Comparisons of porous and adsorption properties of carbons activated by steam and KOH[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2005, 283(1): 49-56.
24	LILLO-RÓDENAS M A , MARCO-LOZAR J P , CAZORLA-AMORÓS D , et al . Activated carbons prepared by pyrolysis of mixtures of carbon precursor/alkaline hydroxide[J]. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2007, 80(1): 166-174.
25	GONG G , XIE Q , ZHENG Y , et al . Regulation of pore size distribution in coal-based activated carbon[J]. New Carbon Materials, 2009, 24(2): 141-146.
26	HSIEH C , TENG H . Influence of mesopore volume and adsorbate size on adsorption capacities of activated carbons in aqueous solutions[J]. Carbon, 2000, 38(6): 863-869.
27	KASAOKA S , SAKATA Y , TANAKA E , et al . Design of molecular-sieve carbon. Studies on the adsorption of various dyes in the liquid phase[J]. International Chemical Engineering, 1989, 29(4): 734-742.
28	古可隆 . 活性炭的应用（一）[J]. 林产化工通讯, 1999, 33(4): 37-40.
	GU Kelong . Applications of activated carbon (Ⅰ)[J]. Bulletin of Forestry Chemicals, 1999, 33(4): 37-40.

编号	M _ad/%	A _d/%	V _daf/%	FC_daf/%
DT-830-BCT	1.15	10.16	2.42	97.58
DT-830-DCT-1	0.53	13.40	1.48	98.52
DT-830-DCT-2	0.61	20.85	1.93	98.07
TX-830-ECT	6.86	10.82	3.39	96.61
XJ-830-BCT	1.29	7.29	2.00	98.00
XJ-830-DCT	1.71	8.14	2.58	97.42
DT-830-DCT-3	0.75	18.53	1.93	98.07
DT-1240-BCT-1	2.81	8.84	2.64	97.36
DT-1240-DCT-1	3.49	14.02	2.58	97.42
DT-1240-DCT-2	0.95	20.17	2.28	97.72
DT-1240-BCT-2	4.09	13.70	2.96	97.04

编号	M _ad/%	A _d/%	V _daf/%	FC_daf/%
DT-830-BCT	1.15	10.16	2.42	97.58
DT-830-DCT-1	0.53	13.40	1.48	98.52
DT-830-DCT-2	0.61	20.85	1.93	98.07
TX-830-ECT	6.86	10.82	3.39	96.61
XJ-830-BCT	1.29	7.29	2.00	98.00
XJ-830-DCT	1.71	8.14	2.58	97.42
DT-830-DCT-3	0.75	18.53	1.93	98.07
DT-1240-BCT-1	2.81	8.84	2.64	97.36
DT-1240-DCT-1	3.49	14.02	2.58	97.42
DT-1240-DCT-2	0.95	20.17	2.28	97.72
DT-1240-BCT-2	4.09	13.70	2.96	97.04

编号	活性炭组成		质量比
AS-1	DT-830-BCT	XJ-830-BCT	7∶3
AS-2	DT-830-BCT	XJ-830-BQ	5∶5
AS-3	DT-830-BCT	XJ-830-BCT	3∶7
AS-4	DT-830-BCT	DT-830-DCT-1	3∶7
AS-5	DT-830-DCT-1	DT-830-DCT-3	7∶3
AS-6	DT-830-DCT-2	XJ-830-DCT	5∶5
AS-7	DT-1240-BCT-1	DT-1240-DCT-1	3∶7
AS-8	DT-1240-BCT-1	DT-1240-BCT-2	5∶5

编号	活性炭组成		质量比
AS-1	DT-830-BCT	XJ-830-BCT	7∶3
AS-2	DT-830-BCT	XJ-830-BQ	5∶5
AS-3	DT-830-BCT	XJ-830-BCT	3∶7
AS-4	DT-830-BCT	DT-830-DCT-1	3∶7
AS-5	DT-830-DCT-1	DT-830-DCT-3	7∶3
AS-6	DT-830-DCT-2	XJ-830-DCT	5∶5
AS-7	DT-1240-BCT-1	DT-1240-DCT-1	3∶7
AS-8	DT-1240-BCT-1	DT-1240-BCT-2	5∶5

吸附性能指标	b ₀	b ₁	b ₂	R ²
碘值	43.701	0.953	0.955	0.992
亚甲蓝值	0.0375	0.988	0.998	0.992
丹宁酸值	-0.471	0.995	1.048	0.998
焦糖脱色率	-0.0358	1.058	1.072	0.979