生物炭负载纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备及对铅离子的吸附特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-2213

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以玉米秸秆为前体，在高温限氧条件下，将纳米羟基磷灰石（nano-HAP）负载于生物炭（BC）表面制备出了生物炭负载纳米羟基磷灰石（nHAP/BC）复合材料，并利用SEM、XRD和FTIR对其进行表征。批量吸附实验考察其对Pb²⁺的吸附特性，研究pH、投加量、吸附时间、初始浓度及吸附温度等因素对吸附的影响。通过吸附动力学、吸附等温线和吸附热力学分析了吸附特性，通过解吸实验考察了解吸再生效应，并对吸附机制进行了探讨。结果表明：与BC相比，nHAP/BC复合材料具备更好的吸附效果，25℃时理论最大吸附量为383.75mg/g。nHAP/BC对Pb²⁺的吸附符合拟二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附模型，表明nHAP/BC对Pb²⁺的吸附为单分子层化学吸附。热力学参数ΔG < 0、ΔH > 0，表明吸附是一个自发的吸热过程。nHAP/BC对Pb²⁺的吸附机制主要包括nano-HAP的溶解-沉淀作用以及生物炭表面-OH和-COOH等含氧官能团的络合作用。nHAP/BC具有良好的循环利用能力，是一种潜在的Pb²⁺高效吸附材料。

关键词: 生物炭, 纳米羟基磷灰石, 铅离子, 吸附

Abstract: A novel composite material of biochar-supported nano-hydroxyapatiten (nHAP/BC) with the maize straw as the precursors was successfully fabricated by loading nano-hydroxyapatite(nano-HAP) on the surface of biochar (BC) at high temperature and in oxygen-limited atmosphere. The physicochemical properties of the nHAP/BC were characterized. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of pH values, contact time, temperature and initial Pb²⁺ concentration on the adsorption performance. The adsorption characteristics were analyzed from the aspects of kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics, while the regeneration was investigated by desorption experiments. Following that, the adsorption mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the nHAP/BC had strong adsorption ability to Pb²⁺ with the maximum adsorption capacities of 383.75mg/g at 25℃, which was significantly higher than that of the BC. The adsorption of Pb²⁺ onto nHAP/BC followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics equation and Langmuir isotherm, indicating that the adsorption process was a mono-molecular chemical adsorption. The ΔG was negative while the ΔH was positive, indicating a spontaneous and endothermic adsorption. The adsorption mechanism included the dissolution-precipitation of nHAP and the complexation of oxygen-containing functional groups. The nHAP/BC showed good regeneration ability, and thus is a promosing adsorption material for the efficient removal of Pb²⁺ from waste water.

Key words: biochar, nano-hydroxyapatiten (nano-HAP), adsorption, lead

中图分类号:

X705
X712

张连科, 王洋, 王维大, 李玉梅, 孙鹏, 韩剑宏, 姜庆宏. 生物炭负载纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备及对铅离子的吸附特性[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(09): 3492-3501.

ZHANG Lianke, WANG Yang, WANG Weida, LI Yumei, SUN Peng, HAN Jianhong, JIANG Qinghong. The preparation of biochar-supported nano-hydroxyapatite and its adsorption of Pb²⁺[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(09): 3492-3501.

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