膨化稻壳对铀及伴生重金属离子的吸附机理

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.09.011

化工进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (09): 2707-2714.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.09.011

膨化稻壳对铀及伴生重金属离子的吸附机理

张永德^1,2, 黄松涛¹, 罗学刚^1,2, 宗有莉², 欧敏华²

1 北京有色金属研究总院生物冶金国家工程实验室, 北京 100088;
2 西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 四川绵阳 621010

收稿日期:2015-10-31 修回日期:2016-02-24 出版日期:2016-09-05 发布日期:2016-09-05
通讯作者: 张永德(1970-),男,博士研究生,研究员,研究方向为矿物加工、生物质材料、矿冶废水处理。E-mail:zhangyongde1969@126.com。
作者简介:张永德(1970-),男,博士研究生,研究员,研究方向为矿物加工、生物质材料、矿冶废水处理。E-mail:zhangyongde1969@126.com。
基金资助:
国家核能开发专项（13zg6103），国家科技支撑计划（2012BAB08B01）及青海省科技计划（N2014-GX-Q04）项目。

Adsorption characteristics and mechanism of U(Ⅵ) and associated heavy metals on expanded rice husk

ZHANG Yongde^1,2, HUANG Songtao¹, LUO Xuegang^1,2, ZONG Youli², OU Minhua²

1 National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallargy, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China;
2 School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China

Received:2015-10-31 Revised:2016-02-24 Online:2016-09-05 Published:2016-09-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对粮食生产中的大量废弃的米稻壳经膨化技术加以改性，通过研究新型吸附对于放射性废水中的核素U⁶⁺及伴生重金属Pb²⁺的吸附特性，考察pH、吸附剂用量、温度、时间和初始浓度等影响吸附的因素，揭示新型吸附剂在吸附过程中的各种离子在溶液中的反应动力学、热力学参数以及等温吸附规律。通过实验证明稻壳经膨化改性后对核素U⁶⁺及伴生重金属Pb²⁺吸附效果明显，当pH分别为3、5时，吸附时间为40min时，溶液中U⁶⁺和Pb²⁺的去除率分别可达到89.10%、96.58%；通过吸附理论拟合研究证明新型吸附剂对U⁶⁺和Pb²⁺的吸附行为符合Langmuir等温单分子层吸附模型理论。

关键词: 膨化改性, 膨化稻壳, 核素U⁶⁺, 二价铅, 吸附

Abstract: This article aims to apply the expanded rice husk(ERH),which is derived from the natural agricultural waste in grain production in South China,to the treatment of nuclide and associated heavy metals. Since the pH,sorbent dosage,adsorption temperature,adsorption time and initial concentration have significant effects on the removal of U(Ⅵ) and Pb(Ⅱ) in radioactive waste water,the adsorption characteristic of the target ions on this novel sorbent were investigated. The reaction kinetics, thermodynamics,as well as the adsorption isotherm of the adsorption process on the sorbent were also studied. Adsorption experiments of U(Ⅵ) and Pb(Ⅱ) to the rice husk which was modified by expanding were performed. Results showed that the sorbent had good adsorption capabilities to those ions,especially to Pb(Ⅱ). When the pH was 3 and 5,the adsorption time was 40 minutes,the removal efficiencies of U(Ⅵ) and Pb(Ⅱ) in the simulated solution could reach 89.10% and 96.58%, respectively. According to the adsorption theory,the adsorption behavior of U(Ⅵ) and Pb(Ⅱ) accorded with the Langmuir single-molecular layer adsorption model theory.

Key words: expending modification, expanded rice husk, U (Ⅵ), Pb (Ⅱ), adsorption

中图分类号:

X712

张永德, 黄松涛, 罗学刚, 宗有莉, 欧敏华. 膨化稻壳对铀及伴生重金属离子的吸附机理[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(09): 2707-2714.

ZHANG Yongde, HUANG Songtao, LUO Xuegang, ZONG Youli, OU Minhua. Adsorption characteristics and mechanism of U(Ⅵ) and associated heavy metals on expanded rice husk[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(09): 2707-2714.

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膨化稻壳对铀及伴生重金属离子的吸附机理

Adsorption characteristics and mechanism of U(Ⅵ) and associated heavy metals on expanded rice husk

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