不同开车工况对天然气脱碳装置响应特性影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0939

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于气田及输送环境影响，现场运行长期处于波动状态，而装置能否稳定运行与其在不同工况下的响应动作是否及时有效息息相关。为分析装置在不同开车工况下的响应特性，本文基于实验室建有的天然气脱碳循环实验装置实际运行情况进行优化研究，分析其中关键影响因素。研究结果表明，在单因素实验研究中，开车工况下不同进气流量、塔内压力以及贫液进塔温度对于吸收塔内温度场及闪蒸罐液位响应特性的影响差别不大。而对于开车工况处于较大的进气流量、较高的塔内压力、较低或较高的贫液进塔温度，其控制器响应会出现一定延迟或塔釜液位波动幅度较剧烈的情况。因此以吸收塔塔釜液位响应时间为评价指标，利用BBD设计法对各因素交互作用进行响应面分析，得到吸收压力对塔釜液位响应时间的影响极显著，并且在三种因素交互作用中，吸收压力与贫液进塔温度的交互作用对目标值的影响更为显著。

关键词: 天然气脱碳, 醇胺法, 开车工况, 响应特性

Abstract:

Due to the influence of the gas field and the transportation environment, the field operation has been fluctuating for a long time, and the stable operation of the device is closely related to whether the response action under different working conditions is timely and effective. In order to analyze the response characteristics of the device under different operating conditions, an optimization study was carried out based on the actual operation of the natural gas decarbonization cycle experimental device built in the laboratory, and the key influencing factors were analyzed. The research results showed that in the single-factor experimental study, the influence of different intake air flow, tower internal pressure and lean liquid inlet temperature on the temperature field in the absorption tower and the response characteristics of the flash tank liquid level under start-up conditions had little difference. However, when the starting condition was at a large inlet flow, a high tower pressure, and a low or high lean liquid inlet temperature, the controller response would be delayed to a certain extent or the level fluctuation of the tower kettle was severe. Therefore, taking the response time of the bottom of the absorption tower as the evaluation index, and using the BBD design method to conduct a response surface analysis of the interaction of various factors, it was found that the absorption pressure had a very significant impact on the response time of the bottom of the tower, and the three factors interact with each other. Among them, the interaction between the absorption pressure and the temperature of the lean liquid entering the tower had a more significant impact on the target value.

Key words: natural gas decarbonization, alcohol amine, start-up conditions, response characteristics

中图分类号:

TE644

王玉娟, 唐建峰, 花亦怀, 陈静, 桑伟, 刘云飞. 不同开车工况对天然气脱碳装置响应特性影响[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(4): 1770-1780.

WANG Yujuan, TANG Jianfeng, HUA Yihuai, CHEN Jing, SANG Wei, LIU Yunfei. Influence of different start-up conditions on response characteristics of natural gas decarbonization device[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(4): 1770-1780.

图/表 12

图1 天然气脱碳实验装置工艺流程图及自控系统

表1 主体设备参数

设备名称	规格与型号
吸收塔	尺寸为?38mm×4mm×750mm；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力6.3MPa
再生塔	尺寸为?57mm×3mm×750mm；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力1.6MPa
吸收塔塔釜	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积1.5L；设计压力6.3MPa
再生塔塔釜	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积2L；设计压力1.6MPa
再生塔再沸器	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积5L；设计压力1.6MPa
填料	3mm $θ$ 环散堆填料，材质316SS
塔顶冷凝器	列管冷凝器；材质为不锈钢304；换热面积0.5m²；管程设计压力6.3MPa
交叉换热器	列管换热器；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力1.6MPa
冷凝器	列管冷凝器；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力1.6MPa
冷凝器	套管冷却器；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力1.6MPa
气液分离器	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积10L；设计压力6.3MPa
闪蒸罐	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积20L；设计压力1.6MPa
MDEA储罐	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积20L；设计压力0.6MPa

表1 主体设备参数

设备名称	规格与型号
吸收塔	尺寸为?38mm×4mm×750mm；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力6.3MPa
再生塔	尺寸为?57mm×3mm×750mm；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力1.6MPa
吸收塔塔釜	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积1.5L；设计压力6.3MPa
再生塔塔釜	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积2L；设计压力1.6MPa
再生塔再沸器	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积5L；设计压力1.6MPa
填料	3mm $θ$ 环散堆填料，材质316SS
塔顶冷凝器	列管冷凝器；材质为不锈钢304；换热面积0.5m²；管程设计压力6.3MPa
交叉换热器	列管换热器；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力1.6MPa
冷凝器	列管冷凝器；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力1.6MPa
冷凝器	套管冷却器；材质为不锈钢304；设计压力1.6MPa
气液分离器	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积10L；设计压力6.3MPa
闪蒸罐	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积20L；设计压力1.6MPa
MDEA储罐	材质为不锈钢304；有效容积20L；设计压力0.6MPa

表2 开车工况因素水平

因素水平

原料气流量A

/L·min^-1

吸收压力B

/MPa

贫液进塔温度C

/℃

-1

7.5

图2 不同原料气流量下装置响应特性

图3 不同吸收压力下装置响应特性

图4 不同贫液进塔温度下装置响应特性

表3 响应面实验结果

实验序号	实验方案因素水平			塔釜液位响应时间 /min
实验序号	A	B	C	塔釜液位响应时间 /min
1	0	-1	1	27
2	0	-1	-1	25
3	1	0	1	28
4	-1	-1	0	18
5	1	-1	0	20
6	1	1	0	22
7	-1	0	-1	24
8	1	0	-1	26
9	-1	0	1	25
10	-1	1	0	21
11	0	1	1	29
12	0	0	0	17
13	0	1	-1	27

图5 预测值与实验值对比图

表4 ANOVA与显著性结果

方差来源	平方和SS	自由度df	均方MS	F	P	显著水平
模型	177.56	9	19.73	78.91	0.0021	**
A	8.00	1	8.00	32.00	0.0109	*
B	10.12	1	10.12	40.50	0.0079	**
C	6.13	1	6.13	24.50	0.0158	*
AB	0.25	1	0.25	1.00	0.3910
AC	0.25	1	0.25	1.00	0.3910
BC	1.17	1	1.17	2.75	0.2931
A²	2.29	1	2.29	9.14	0.0566
B²	11.57	1	11.57	46.29	0.0065	**
C²	137.29	1	137.29	549.14	0.0002	**
残差	0.75	3	0.25
总和	178.31	12

图6 原料气流量和吸收压力交互作用对吸收塔塔釜液位响应时间的影响

图7 原料气流量和贫液进塔温度交互作用对吸收塔塔釜液位响应时间的影响

图8 吸收压力和贫液进塔温度交互作用对吸收塔塔釜液位响应时间的影响

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