Research progress on the inhibition of aerobic treatment of organic solid wastes

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0096

Abstract

Abstract:

The produced organic solid waste is increasing rapidly in recent years, and its treatment and disposal have attracted much attention. When aerobic technology is employed to treat the organic solid waste, the substrate of the feedstock is degraded very quickly at thermophilic temperature; however, aerobic biological system tends to be inhibited by many factors such as material composition, metabolic intermediate, or external environmental condition, and then the process may be adversely affected to some degree. This paper reviewed those inhibition factors such as ammonia nitrogen and digestion temperature which might significantly affect aerobic biological process of organic solid waste. Based on the variations of enzyme (such as protease and oxidase) activity and the transformation of metabolic products, the inhibition mechanisms under adversity conditions were proposed as following: acid-base imbalance in microorganisms, protein denaturation, and excessive oxidation of intracellular substances. After the comparison of enhanced biological treatment, inoculating functional microorganisms and adding exogenous reagents were suggested to alleviate the inhibition of aerobic process. In the end, this paper put forward the research directions to enhance aerobic performance of organic solid waste.

Key words: organic solid wastes, aerobic treatment, reactive oxygen species, enzyme activity, inhibition

摘要：

有机固废产生量增长甚为迅速，其处理处置备受关注。采用好氧技术处理有机类固体废物时，堆体在高温条件下有机底物降解较为彻底；但受固体物料组成、代谢中间产物、环境因子等因素影响，反应体系有机底物的分解与代谢会受到不同程度的抑制，进而影响好氧处理效果。本文综述了氨氮、脂肪酸、消化温度等各类因素对有机固废好氧生物处理进程的影响，并基于蛋白酶、氧化酶等活性变化以及代谢产物迁移转化规律，剖析了逆境条件下微生物体内酸碱失衡、蛋白质变性、胞内物质过度氧化三方面主要抑制作用机制，比较了接种功能微生物、添加外源试剂对好氧工艺过程的强化作用效果，同时就有机固废好氧生物处理提质增效的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 有机固体废物, 好氧处理, 活性氧, 酶活性, 抑制作用

CLC Number:

X705

LIU Shugen, KONG Xin, LYU Xuebin, LIU Qingling, CHEN Guanyi. Research progress on the inhibition of aerobic treatment of organic solid wastes[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(12): 6818-6828.

刘树根, 孔馨, 吕学斌, 刘庆岭, 陈冠益. 有机固体废物好氧处理抑制作用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(12): 6818-6828.

Figures/Tables 3

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有机固废类型	pH	水分含量 /%	总碳（干重） /%	总氮（干重） /%	C/N	其他特性	参考文献
餐厨垃圾	6.1	74.1	47.1	2.7	17.3	高含盐量，高油脂，易于腐败变质而发臭	［14］
新鲜果蔬废料	4.9	92.3	39.3	2.4	16.4	农药、杀虫剂、有机磷和有机氯残留	［15-16］
新鲜鸡粪	—	75.3	28.2	2.4	11.5	Cu、Zn类元素含量高，臭味明显	［17］
抗生素菌渣	3.1	73.5	31.4	2.2	14.3	微生物菌丝体，抗生素大量残留	［18］
脱水污泥	7.5	81.0	34.0	3.4	10.0	病原体、持久性有机污染物含量高，水分含量高	［19］
园林垃圾	5.2	10.0	58	2.7	21.5	纤维素含量高，生物降解缓慢	［20］

有机固废类型	pH	水分含量 /%	总碳（干重） /%	总氮（干重） /%	C/N	其他特性	参考文献
餐厨垃圾	6.1	74.1	47.1	2.7	17.3	高含盐量，高油脂，易于腐败变质而发臭	［14］
新鲜果蔬废料	4.9	92.3	39.3	2.4	16.4	农药、杀虫剂、有机磷和有机氯残留	［15-16］
新鲜鸡粪	—	75.3	28.2	2.4	11.5	Cu、Zn类元素含量高，臭味明显	［17］
抗生素菌渣	3.1	73.5	31.4	2.2	14.3	微生物菌丝体，抗生素大量残留	［18］
脱水污泥	7.5	81.0	34.0	3.4	10.0	病原体、持久性有机污染物含量高，水分含量高	［19］
园林垃圾	5.2	10.0	58	2.7	21.5	纤维素含量高，生物降解缓慢	［20］

有机固废类型	干基重金属含量/mg?kg^-1
有机固废类型	Cd	Pb	Cu	Zn	Cr
餐厨垃圾	0.016	47.6	71.6	140.4	15.3
树叶	0.027	1.8	3.9	13.6	4.1
废纸	0.014	1.3	3.4	6.5	1.5
污水厂剩余污泥	1.3	39.0	146.0	575	49.0
禽畜粪便	0.15~4.09	1.6~36.8	12.3~962	6.3~1908	7.9~85.2
塑料、橡胶	0.476	8.4	21.1	73.6	3.3
生物有机肥（NY 884—2012）	<3	<50	—	—	<150
农用污泥污染物控制标准（GB 4284—2018）^①	<15	<1000	<1500	<3000	<1000

有机固废类型	干基重金属含量/mg?kg^-1
有机固废类型	Cd	Pb	Cu	Zn	Cr
餐厨垃圾	0.016	47.6	71.6	140.4	15.3
树叶	0.027	1.8	3.9	13.6	4.1
废纸	0.014	1.3	3.4	6.5	1.5
污水厂剩余污泥	1.3	39.0	146.0	575	49.0
禽畜粪便	0.15~4.09	1.6~36.8	12.3~962	6.3~1908	7.9~85.2
塑料、橡胶	0.476	8.4	21.1	73.6	3.3
生物有机肥（NY 884—2012）	<3	<50	—	—	<150
农用污泥污染物控制标准（GB 4284—2018）^①	<15	<1000	<1500	<3000	<1000

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