Summary of solid phase denitrification in water pollution control

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2355

Abstract

Abstract:

nitrate pollution in water Environment is a common problem. solid phase denitrification (SPD) technology has attracted increasing attention because of its significant advantages over water-based denitrification in water remediation. this paper presents new views on the application of SPD in water remediation, introducing the process and mechanism of nitrogen conversion in SPD, such as direct denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium and anaerobic ammonia oxidation; discussing the main processes of carbon substrate conversion in SPD; studying the main limitations of SPD, including low carbon source availability, NO₂^- and N₂O accumulation, dissolved organic carbon release and NH₄ production, and summarizing the relevant limiting factors; moreover, some new measures are introduced to mitigate these limitations, such as the application of biodegradable polymer substrates and heterotrophic autotrophic denitrification (HAD) processes; finally, methods for simultaneous removal of nitrate and some typical pollutants to expand SPD applications are discussed. this review attempts to improve our understanding of denitrification processes in wastewater treatment or water remediation works.

Key words: nitrate, anaerobic, solid phase denitrification, bioprocess, pollution

摘要：

水环境中硝酸盐污染是普遍存在的问题。固相反硝化（SPD）技术由于其相对于水基反硝化在水修复中的显著优势而受到越来越多的关注。本文对SPD在水修复中的应用提出了新的看法，介绍了SPD中氮转化的过程和机理，如直接反硝化、异化硝酸盐还原成铵和厌氧氨氧化；讨论了碳底物在SPD中转化的主要过程；研究了SPD的主要局限性，包括碳源可用性低，NO₂^-和N₂O积累，溶解有机碳释放和NH₄⁺的生产，并总结了相关的限制因素；此外，还介绍了一些新的措施来减轻这些限制，如应用可生物降解的聚合物底物和异养自养反硝化HAD过程；最后讨论了同时去除硝酸盐和一些典型污染物以扩大SPD应用的方法。本综述试图提高人们对废水处理或水修复工程中反硝化过程的理解。

关键词: 硝酸盐, 厌氧, 固相反硝化, 生物过程, 污染

CLC Number:

CHEN Zhihua, ZHOU Jian, WANG Sanfan. Summary of solid phase denitrification in water pollution control[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(S1): 366-374.

陈志华, 周键, 王三反. 固相反硝化在水污染治理中的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(S1): 366-374.

Figures/Tables 2

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类型	固体碳源	入口硝酸盐/mg NO₃^--N·L^-1	反硝化作用速率/mg NO₃^--N·L^-1·d^-1	参考文献
木质纤维素材料	玉米棒	25.3	203	［27］
	玉米	100	2.88	［28］
	棉毛	30.97	43.92	［29］
	棉花	24.8	0.50	［29］
	麦秸	22.6	53.04	［29］
	纸板	100	1.05	［28］
	废纤维素固体	50	1	［30］
	松树皮	60	0.75	［31］
	橄榄坚果	30	60.31	［32］
	棉花毛刺堆肥	20	0.91	［29］
	软木	32.2	0.067	［33］
	木屑	100	0.45	［33］
	木头颗粒	9	2	［33］
	针叶树	32.2	0.048	［33］
	柳树	3	1.86	［33］
	枫树	7.6	6.68	［33］
	红色口香糖	55	45.87	［34］
	野生樱桃	3	1.08	［32］
几丁质	蟹壳甲壳素	22.7	2	［35］
废物回收	水解蜜糖	22.6	155.52	［36］
	酒业副产品	12.04	暂无	［37］
	剩余活性污泥	15	暂无	［38］
	砂涂油	20	21	［39］

类型	固体碳源	入口硝酸盐/mg NO₃^--N·L^-1	反硝化作用速率/mg NO₃^--N·L^-1·d^-1	参考文献
木质纤维素材料	玉米棒	25.3	203	［27］
	玉米	100	2.88	［28］
	棉毛	30.97	43.92	［29］
	棉花	24.8	0.50	［29］
	麦秸	22.6	53.04	［29］
	纸板	100	1.05	［28］
	废纤维素固体	50	1	［30］
	松树皮	60	0.75	［31］
	橄榄坚果	30	60.31	［32］
	棉花毛刺堆肥	20	0.91	［29］
	软木	32.2	0.067	［33］
	木屑	100	0.45	［33］
	木头颗粒	9	2	［33］
	针叶树	32.2	0.048	［33］
	柳树	3	1.86	［33］
	枫树	7.6	6.68	［33］
	红色口香糖	55	45.87	［34］
	野生樱桃	3	1.08	［32］
几丁质	蟹壳甲壳素	22.7	2	［35］
废物回收	水解蜜糖	22.6	155.52	［36］
	酒业副产品	12.04	暂无	［37］
	剩余活性污泥	15	暂无	［38］
	砂涂油	20	21	［39］

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