Abstract:

High performance supercapacitor electrode material (CC 700-Zn) was successfully prepared by using chestnut shell as carbon source (CC) and ZnCl₂ activation after carbonization of CC at 700℃. The morphology and performance of CC700-Zn electrode materials were tested. It was found that CC700-Zn had a 3D channel network structure with a specific surface area of 813.9m2/g, and the network structure formed by mesopores and micropores provided a channel for electronic transmission. In a three-electrode system, CC700-Zn showed a high specific capacitance of 506F/g at a current density of 1A/g and outstanding cycling stability of 91% capacitance retention after 10000 cycles. In a two-electrode system, a symmetrical capacitor was assembled with CC700-Zn. The symmetric capacitor had a specific capacitance of 118F/g at 1A/g, the scan rate of CV can be increased to 220mV/s, and the potential window width was 0~1.6V. When the power density was 900W/kg, the energy density was 53.1W·h/kg. When the power density was increased to 27000W/kg, the energy density can still be maintained at 27W·h/kg. The above results indicated that it was feasible to prepare symmetrical supercapacitor electrode materials using chestnut shell as carbon source.

Key words: chestnut shell, supercapacitor, porous carbon, biomass

摘要：

以板栗壳为碳源（CC），经700℃炭化（CC700）后采用ZnCl₂活化，成功制备了高性能的超级电容器电极材料（CC700-Zn）。对电极材料的形貌和性能进行测试，发现CC700-Zn具有3D孔道网络结构，比表面积达813.9m2/g，这种具有高比表面积的孔道结构为电子传输提供了通道。三电极体系中，1A/g时比电容可达506F/g，经过10000圈的循环之后其比电容仍能保持初始值的91%；二电极体系中，用CC700-Zn组装的对称性电容器在1A/g下的比电容为118F/g，CV的扫描速率可增大至220mV/s，电势窗宽0~6V。功率密度为900W/kg时，能量密度为53.1W·h/kg，当功率密度增加至27000W/kg时，能量密度仍可保持27W·h/kg。表明用板栗壳作为碳源制备对称性超级电容器电极材料是可行的。

关键词: 板栗壳, 超级电容器, 多孔碳, 生物质