Abstract: Solid-liquid phase change material (PCM) is a key factor in the development of thermal energy storage (TES) technology. However，some inherent problems，such as leakage and low thermal conductivity, seriously restrict the performance of phase change materials. Therefore，choosing an appropriate method to construct form-stable composite phase change material (FSCPCMs) and effectively improving its thermal conductivity is an important prerequisite for the practical application of phase change materials. Porous carrier encapsulated phase change materials provide an effective way to construct shaped composite phase change materials with high energy storage density and excellent heat transfer properties. In this paper，the preparation，structural thermal properties and applications of different FSCPCMs are reviewed，and the effects of pore size and geometry，surface modification，force and composition on the phase transition behavior of FSCPCMs are summarized and discussed in detail. This paper focuses on the design and application of new porous composite phase change materials with high thermal conductivity, high load rate and high latent heat. Finally, based on theoretical, numerical and experimental methods, the future research direction of FSCPCMs in phase transition and multi-scale heat transfer in constrained structures and its commercial application in energy conversion are prospected.

Key words: phase transformation, energy storage materials, porous, form stability

摘要： 固-液相变材料(PCM)是热能储存(TES)技术发展的关键因素，然而，一些固有的问题如泄漏和导热系数低等问题，严重制约了相变材料的性能。因此，选择合适的方法构建形状稳定复合相变材料(FSCPCMs)并有效提高其导热系数是实现相变材料实用化的重要前提。多孔载体封装相变材料为构建具高储能密度和优异热传输性能的定形复合相变材料提供了一条有效的途径。本文对不同FSCPCMs的制备、结构热学性能、应用等方面进行了综述，详细总结和讨论了孔径和几何形状、表面改性、作用力、组成等因素对FSCPCMs相变行为的影响。重点介绍了具有高导热系数、高负载率和高潜热的新型多孔复合相变材料的设计和应用。最后，基于理论、数值和实验方法，展望了FSCPCMs在约束结构中的相变和多尺度传热方面未来的研究方向及其在能源转换方面的商业化应用。

关键词: 相变, 多孔介质, 焓, 复合材料