Abstract: Although lignite is rich in China，there exist serious problems in its clean and high effective utilization. Hence，understanding the composition and mode of occurrence of lignite at the molecular level is more promising to convert the low calori?c fuel into high-valued organic compounds. Combining with our research，the related organic matter，including hydrocarbons，oxygen-，nitrogen-，sulfur-，and chlorine-containing organic compounds are reviewed in this paper. Among them，hydrocarbons include normal alkanes，arenes，terpenes and oxygen-containing compounds comprising phenols，aldehydes，ketones，carboxylic acids and esters. On this basis，the application prospect of lignite is forecasted and some effective methods for dissolution of lignite，separation and analysis of these soluble compounds are proposed.

Key words: lignite, high-valued utilization, hydrocarbon, heteroatom-containing organic compounds

摘要： 我国褐煤资源储量丰富，但其洁净和高效利用存在严重问题。因此，从分子水平上深入了解褐煤中可溶有机质的组成有望使褐煤从低质燃料转化为具有高附加值的有机化学品。结合本课题组的研究成果，本文对褐煤中分离到的烃类，含氧、氮、硫和氯的杂原子化合物分别进行了综述。其中从褐煤中分离和检测到的烃类主要有正构烷烃、芳烃和萜类化合物，含氧化合物包括酚、醛、酮、酸和酯类化合物。在此基础上，对褐煤的应用前景进行了展望，并提出了一些如何使褐煤中的有机质的可溶化、有机质的分离和分离后的产物的分析的有效方法。

关键词: 褐煤, 高附加值利用, 烃类, 含杂原子化合物