Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 3249-3262.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1482

• Resources and environmental engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Advances in microbial remediation of soils polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

LYU Ying1,2,3,4(), HU Xuewu1,2,3,4, CHEN Susu1,3,4, LIU Xingyu1,3,5(), CHEN Bowei1,3,5, ZHANG Mingjiang1,3,5   

  1. 1.National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy, GRINM Group Corporation Limited, Beijing 101407, China
    2.School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    3.GRINM Resources and Environment Tech. Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 101407, China
    4.General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
    5.GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 101407, China
  • Received:2020-07-13 Revised:2020-07-29 Online:2022-06-21 Published:2022-06-10
  • Contact: LIU Xingyu

多环芳烃污染土壤的微生物修复技术研究进展

吕莹1,2,3,4(), 胡学武1,2,3,4, 陈素素1,3,4, 刘兴宇1,3,5(), 陈勃伟1,3,5, 张明江1,3,5   

  1. 1.有研科技集团有限公司生物冶金国家工程实验室,北京 101407
    2.北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京 100083
    3.有研资源环境技术研究院(北京)有限公司,北京 101407
    4.北京有色金属研究总院,北京 100088
    5.有研工程技术研究院有限公司,北京 101407
  • 通讯作者: 刘兴宇
  • 作者简介:吕莹(1994—),女,博士研究生, 研究方向为环境污染微生物修复。E-mail:lvying940904@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51974279);科军评[2018]159号;国家重点研发计划(2018YFC18018);广西科学研究与技术开发计划(GuikeAB16380287)

Abstract:

The pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil has become a serious environmental problem. Therefore, it is necessary to develop low cost and efficient technology of microbial remediation. Based on the environmental pollution characteristics of PAHs in soil, and combined with the research progress of removing PAHs from soil by microbial remediation technology in recent years, this paper analyzes the existing challenges and solutions of the engineering application. Then the mechanism of interaction between microorganisms and PAHs is introduced. It is pointed out that bacteria degrade PAHs mainly by dioxygenase, fungi degrade PAHs by monooxygenase, while algae degrade low-cyclic PAHs mainly by monooxygenase system, and high-cyclic PAHs mainly by dioxygenase system. Finally, the main research directions of remediation technology for PAHs contaminated soil in the future are proposed, including the establishment of screening system for efficient degrading bacteria, the construction of mixed microorganisms and genetically engineering bacteria, and the strengthening of the reaction process and metabonomics research, in order to provide guidance for the industrialization development and large-scale application of soil remediation technology in China.

Key words: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, soil contamination, microbial remediation, degradable mechanism

摘要:

土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)污染已成为一个严重的环境问题。因此,有必要开展低成本、高效的微生物修复技术研究。本文从土壤中PAHs的环境污染特征出发,结合近年来利用微生物修复技术去除土壤中PAHs的研究进展,剖析该技术工程应用存在的挑战及其解决策略。并对微生物与PAHs之间的作用机制进行介绍,指出细菌降解PAHs主要通过双加氧酶的作用,真菌降解PAHs利用的是单加氧酶,而藻类降解低环PAHs主要采用单加氧酶系统进行代谢,降解高环PAHs则主要采用双加氧酶系统进行代谢。最后提出了未来PAHs污染土壤修复技术的主要研究方向,包括建立高效降解菌筛选体系、构建混合菌群及基因工程菌、加强作用过程及代谢组学研究等方面,以期为我国土壤修复技术的产业化发展和大规模应用提供指导。

关键词: 多环芳烃, 土壤污染, 微生物修复, 降解机理

CLC Number: 

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