Abstract: Pyrolysis at low temperature is an important part of the cascade utilization of low-rank coal. In this paper, the research progress and characteristics of both domestic and international catalytic pyrolysis technologies were divided into four kinds and reviewed in details based on the difference of catalyst addition method, the extent of the contact between coal and catalyst, and the distribution of pyrolysis products. These catalytic pyrolysis technologies have a certain degree of difficulty when using in industrial production due to the amount of the catalyst addition, the procedure of the catalyst addition, and catalyst action mode. A novel way to increase tar yield, the mild catalytic depolymerization of low rank coal, was introduced, by which the catalyst were sprayed into the coal in the form of a solution. The results indicated that tar yields increased about 1.3—2.17 times on the tested 20 kinds of coal. Thus, it is expected that this new technology would be an effective way for improving coal conversion efficiency.

Key words: low-rank coal, catalyst, pyrolysis, catalysis, depolymerization, increasing tar yield

摘要： 低温热解是低阶煤提质转化分级利用的一种重要技术。本文将近年来国内外所进行的催化热解技术分为四大类,从催化剂加入方式、与煤作用紧密程度及热解产物分布方面,对这四类技术进行了评述。指出这些技术因催化剂用量、煤料粒度、催化剂加入程序、催化剂作用方式其中一种或多种因素,应用于工业化规模均存在一定弊端。文中还介绍了一种低阶煤催化解聚新技术,以简单的喷淋方式将催化剂浸入煤中,在试验的近20种煤中,均实现了热解焦油收率增加1.3~2.17倍的效果,由此可望开发出一种提高煤转化效益的新工艺。

关键词: 低阶煤, 催化剂, 热解, 催化, 解聚, 增油