Abstract:

In the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, biodiesel is considered to be one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuels. As a novel heating method, microwave-intensified technology can overcome some disadvantages, such as uneven heating etc., compared with traditional heating. Therefore, it can promote transesterification efficiency significantly and improve biodiesel yield greatly, coupled with different catalytic systems. This review first summarizes the advantages of microwave-assisted intensification of transesterification to prepare biodiesel. Then, the research status of microwave-intensified technology coupled with homogeneous catalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, ionic liquid catalysis as well as enzyme catalysis is especially introduced, and the corresponding pros and cons of each catalytic systems under microwave-intensified technology is analyzed. In terms of the catalytic efficiency and environmental-friend, it is illustrated that microwave-intensified technology coupled with heterogeneous catalysis and enzymatic catalysis is widely used in biodiesel preparation. Finally, some prospects and suggestions are proposed for the research field.

Key words: microwave-intensified technology, transesterification, biodiesel

摘要：

在碳达峰、碳中和的目标背景下，生物柴油被认为是替代化石燃料最有前途的新型能源之一。作为新型的加热方式，微波强化技术克服了传统加热方式下受热不均等缺点，在与不同催化体系偶联的过程中显著促进了酯交换反应的效率，较大幅度地提高了生物柴油的产率。本文归纳了微波技术强化酯交换反应制备生物柴油的优势，介绍了微波强化技术偶联均相催化、非均相催化、离子液体催化以及酶催化技术在生物柴油制备领域的研究进展，阐述了微波强化技术偶联各催化体系的利弊。从催化效率和环保等方面考虑，微波强化偶联非均相催化和酶催化具有更优的研究前景。最后，就该领域的研究方向提出几点展望与建议。

关键词: 微波强化技术, 酯交换反应, 生物柴油