Abstract:

Lignocellulose is the most abundant renewable resource in China. However, the intertwined complex structures prevent further conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose inside, which makes researchers seek effective pretreatment methods to solve the current problem. With the continuous discovery of solvents for biomass pretreatment and the emergence of new solvents, non-aqueous solvent pretreatment as an emerging pretreatment method has shown good effects and application prospects in the biorefinery of lignocellulosic raw materials. In this paper, based on introducing the physicochemical properties of various non-aqueous solvents, recent advances on the effect of these solvents on the pretreatment of lignocellulose, including the performance for hemicellulose and lignin removal and their influence on enzymatic hydrolysis are reviewed. The main advantages and disadvantages of different non-aqueous solvent pretreatment are also summarized. Furthermore, the challenges and future development directions of non-aqueous solvent pretreatment are proposed, which would provide references and guidance for future green, low-cost and efficient pretreatment methods.

Key words: lignocellulose, pretreatment, non-aqueous solvent, alcohols, organic acid, ionic liquid

摘要：

木质纤维素是目前中国最丰富的可再生资源，但由于其交织的复杂结构阻碍了内部纤维素和半纤维素的后续转化，这促使研究者们去寻求有效的预处理方法以解决目前的困境。近年来，随着预处理溶剂不断被发现和新型溶剂的快速涌现，非水溶剂预处理作为一种新兴的预处理方式在木质纤维素生物炼制中展现出良好的效果和应用前景。本文在系统介绍了各种非水溶剂理化性质和特点的基础上，综述了各种非水溶剂对木质纤维素预处理的作用原理、半纤维素和木质素的去除效果以及对纤维素酶解性能的影响，同时总结归纳了不同非水溶剂预处理的主要优缺点，并对非水溶剂预处理面临的挑战和未来的发展方向进行了展望，以期对未来绿色、低廉、高效的预处理方法提供借鉴和指导。

关键词: 木质纤维素, 预处理, 非水溶剂, 醇类, 有机酸, 离子液体