Exploration of carbon neutral technology path in petrochemical industry

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1601

Abstract

Abstract:

In 2019, CO₂ emissions of China were 2.11 billion tons, accounting for 21% of the total emissions. Under the goal of China's 2060 carbon neutral goal, petrochemical industry needs technology innovation. This article discussed the petrochemical industry carbon neutral policies and measures at home and abroad and analyzed the petrochemical industry’s carbon neutral technology path from three aspects: carbon-reduction emission, carbon-zero emission and carbon-negative emission. Carbon-reduction emission technology includes green oil/gas development, process low-carbon utilization, and coordinated technologies for pollution and carbon reduction. Carbon-zero emission technology includes renewable energy and nuclear power generation, green hydrogen, and zero-carbon materials/fuel substitution such as biomass to gasoline and diesel, aromatics and other bulk energy chemical technologies. Carbon-negative emission technology includes bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and the technology of CO₂ conversion to fuel chemicals. Besides, some carbon neutral information technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and internet of things were introduced. This article would provide technical references of carbon neutral path for petrochemical industry.

Key words: carbon neutral technology, petrochemical industry, carbon-reduction emission, carbon-zero emission, carbon-negative emission

摘要：

2019年，中国石油和天然气消费所排放的CO₂为21.1亿吨，占全国总排放量的21%。在我国2060年碳中和目标下，石化行业亟需碳中和技术创新。本文介绍了国内外石化行业碳中和政策措施，从碳减排、碳零排和碳负排三方面分析了石化行业碳中和技术路径。碳减排方面包括石油/天然气绿色开发、过程低碳利用、减污降碳协同技术；碳零排方面包括可再生能源与核能发电、绿氢以及零碳原料/燃料替代，如生物质制汽柴油、芳烃等大宗能源化学品技术；碳负排方面包括生物能源与碳捕获和存储（BECCS）及CO₂转化燃料化学品技术。此外，还介绍了石化行业碳中和信息技术，包括人工智能、大数据和物联网三方面。本文将为我国石化行业碳中和路径探索提供技术参考。

关键词: 碳中和技术, 石化行业, 碳减排, 碳零排, 碳负排

CLC Number:

X322

GAN Fengli, JIANG Xia, CHANG Yulong, JIN Ziheng, WANG Hualin, SHI Jingwei. Exploration of carbon neutral technology path in petrochemical industry[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(3): 1364-1375.

甘凤丽, 江霞, 常玉龙, 靳紫恒, 汪华林, 师敬伟. 石化行业碳中和技术路径探索[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(3): 1364-1375.

Figures/Tables 7

References 64

1	FULTON L M. Achieving a near-zero CO₂ transportation system worldwide by 2050[M]//International encyclopedia of transportation. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2021: 353-358.
2	ZHANG A P, GAO J, QUAN J L, et al. The implications for energy crops under China’s climate change challenges[J]. Energy Economics, 2021, 96: 105103.
3	BP. BP energy outlook 2020 edition[R]. London: BP, 2020.
4	Our World in Data. CO₂ emissions by fuel[EB/OL]. [2021-07-19]. .
5	宋铁君. 中国石油石化行业碳排放波动与低碳策略研究[D]. 大庆: 东北石油大学, 2012.
	SONG Tiejun. Carbon wave of China petroleum and petrochemical industry and research on low-carbon strategy[D]. Daqing: Northeast Petroleum University, 2012.
6	中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室. 《新时代的中国能源发展》白皮书[EB/OL]. [2021-07-19]. .
	The State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China. China’s energy development in the new era White Paper[EB/OL]. [2020-12-21]. .
7	石油和化学工业“十四五”发展指南发布[J]. 浙江化工, 2021, 52(2): 8.
	The 14th Five-Year development guideline for the petroleum and chemical industry was released[J]. Zhejiang Chemical Industry, 2021, 52(2): 8.
8	国家能源局. 2021年能源工作指导意见[EB/OL]. [2021-07-19]. .
	National Energy Administration. Guidelines on energy work in 2021[EB/OL]. [2021-04-22]. .
9	乔凯, 孙宝翔, 王璐瑶. 降本+创新，让氢能走进千家万户[N]. 中国石化报, 2021-01-19.
	QIAO Kai, SUN Baoxiang, WANG Luyao. Cost reduction+innovation, so that hydrogen can enter thousands of households[N]. China Petrochemical News, 2021-01-19.
10	孙明华, 王继勇, 董雷, 等. “双碳”大考[J]. 国企管理, 2021(6): 28-56.
	SUN Minghua, WANG Jiyong, DONG Lei, et al. “Double carbon” test[J]. China State-owned Enterprise Management, 2021(6): 28-56.
11	王香增, 孙晓, 罗攀, 等. 非常规油气CO₂压裂技术进展及应用实践[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2019, 31(2): 1-7.
	WANG Zengxiang, SUN Xiao, LUO Pan, et al. Progress and application of CO₂ fracturing technology for unconventional oil and gas[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2019, 31(2): 1-7.
12	李阳. 低渗透油藏CO₂驱提高采收率技术进展及展望[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2020, 27(1): 1-10.
	LI Yang. Technical advancement and prospect for CO₂ flooding enhanced oil recovery in low permeability reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2020, 27(1): 1-10.
13	徐栋, 陈映赫, 韩旭波, 等. CO₂置换开采海域天然气水合物联合技术展望[J]. 现代化工, 2021, 41(9): 22-26, 32.
	XU Dong, CHEN Yinghe, HAN Xubo, et al. Prospects of combined technology of CO₂ replacement and exploitation of natural gas hydrate in sea[J]. Modern Chemical Industry, 2021, 41(9): 22-26, 32.
14	张海桐, 王广炜, 薛炳刚. 对分子炼油技术的认识和实践[J]. 化学工业, 2016, 34(4): 16-23.
	ZHANG Haitong, WANG Guangwei, XUE Binggang. Understanding and practice of molecular oil refining technology[J]. Chemical Industry, 2016, 34(4): 16-23.
15	中国石化原油直接制化学品技术取得突破性进展[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2021, 52(7): 100.
	Sinopec has made breakthroughs in the direct production of chemicals from crude oil[J]. Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals, 2021, 52(7): 100.
16	WANG H L, FU P B, LI J P, et al. Separation-and-recovery technology for organic waste liquid with a high concentration of inorganic particles[J]. Engineering, 2018, 4(3): 406-415.
17	吴霁薇, 汪华林, 潘嘉科, 等. 废弃油基泥浆岩屑基础油的回收方法和装置: CN109184600A[P]. 2019-01-11.
	WU Jiwei, WANG Hualin, PAN Jiake, et al. Method and device for recovery of waste oil-based mud cuttings base oil: CN109184600A[P]. 2019-01-11.
18	吴霁薇, 汪华林, 潘嘉科, 等. 含油污泥悬浮态自转除油处置方法和装置: CN109052903A[P]. 2018-12-21.
	WU Jiwei, WANG Hualin, PAN Jiake, et al. Method and device for oil removal by suspension rotation of oily sludge: CN109052903A[P]. 2018-12-21.
19	刘忠生, 廖昌建, 方向晨, 等. 柴油低温临界吸收油气回收技术的应用[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2013, 44(8): 37-40.
	LIU Zhongsheng, LIAO Changjian, FANG Xiangchen, et al. Application of diesel low temperature critical absorption technology in oil vapor recovery[J]. Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals, 2013, 44(8): 37-40.
20	邹才能, 熊波, 薛华庆, 等. 新能源在碳中和中的地位与作用[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021, 48(2): 411-420.
	ZOU Caineng, XIONG Bo, XUE Huaqing, et al. The role of new energy in carbon neutral[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2021, 48(2): 411-420.
21	李建林, 李光辉, 马速良, 等. 碳中和目标下制氢关键技术进展及发展前景综述[J]. 热力发电, 2021, 50(6): 1-8.
	LI Jianlin, LI Guanghui, MA Suliang, et al. Overview of the progress and development prospects of key technologies for hydrogen production under the goal of carbon neutrality[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2021, 50(6): 1-8.
22	常世彦, 郑丁乾, 付萌. 2℃/ 1.5℃温控目标下生物质能结合碳捕集与封存技术(BECCS)[J]. 全球能源互联网, 2019, 2(3): 277-287.
	CHANG Shiyan, ZHENG Dingqian, FU Meng. Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) in the pursuit of the 2℃ /1.5℃ target[J]. Journal of Global Energy Interconnection, 2019, 2(3): 277-287.
23	JADHAV S G, VAIDYA P D, BHANAGE B M, et al. Catalytic carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol: a review of recent studies[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2014, 92(11): 2557-2567.
24	龚燕, 杨维军, 王如强, 等. 我国智能炼厂技术现状及展望[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2018, 37(3): 28-33.
	GONG Yan, YANG Weijun, WANG Ruqiang, et al. Present conditions and prospect of China’s intelligent refinery technology[J]. Oil Forum, 2018, 37(3): 28-33.
25	陶泽俊. 大庆油田应用CO₂压裂技术的前景分析[J]. 化工管理, 2020(35): 193-194.
	TAO Zejun. Prospect analysis of CO₂ fracturing technology in Daqing oilfield[J]. Chemical Enterprise Management, 2020(35): 193-194.
26	长庆油田首口页岩油水平井“无水压裂”试验成功[N]. 中新网, 2020.
	The “waterless fracturing” test of the first shale oil horizontal well in Changqing Oilfield was successful[N]. China News, 2020.
27	胡永乐, 郝明强, 陈国利, 等. 中国CO₂驱油与埋存技术及实践[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2019, 46(4): 716-727.
	HU Yongle, HAO Mingqiang, CHEN Guoli, et al. Technologies and practice of CO₂ flooding and sequestration in China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2019, 46(4): 716-727.
28	BOSWELL R, COLLETT T S. Current perspectives on gas hydrate resources[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2011, 4(4): 1206-1215.
29	OTA M, MOROHASHI K, ABE Y, et al. Replacement of CH₄ in the hydrate by use of liquid CO₂ [J]. Energy Conversion & Management, 2005, 46(11/12): 1680-1691.
30	王刚, 孙静, 方东, 等. 分子炼油为导向的催化裂化加工重质油策略[J]. 中国科学: 化学, 2018, 48(4): 362-368.
	WANG Gang, SUN Jing, FANG Dong, et al. Molecular-refining oriented strategy of catalytic cracking for processing heavy oil[J]. Scientia Sinica (Chimica), 2018, 48(4): 362-368.
31	徐海丰, 于晗. 全球原油制化学品项目发展现状及石化产品前景分析[J]. 国际石油经济, 2019, 27(5): 23-30.
	XU Haifeng, YU Han. Development status of global crude oil-to-chemicals projects and prospects of petrochemical products[J]. International Petroleum Economics, 2019, 27(5): 23-30.
32	邵宇, 闫鑫玉, 周立波, 等. EBIS(改良AO)工艺在石化废水处理上的研究及应用[J]. 环境与发展, 2019, 31(12): 69-70, 72.
	SHAO Yu, YAN Xinyu, ZHOU Libo, et al. Research and application of EBIS(improved AO) process in petrochemical waste water treatment[J]. Environment and Development, 2019, 31(12): 69-70, 72.
33	SUN Y X, LIU Y, CHEN J Q, et al. Physical pretreatment of petroleum refinery wastewater instead of chemicals addition for collaborative removal of oil and suspended solids[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 278: 123821.
34	李志磊, 柴环景, 程凯, 等. 一种采用海洋石油钻井平台固体废弃物烧结建材的方法: CN110759712A[P]. 2019-11-14.
	LIN Zhilei, CHAI Huanjing, CHENG Kai, et al. The invention relates to a method for sintering building materials using solid waste from offshore oil drilling platform: CN110759712A[P]. 2019-11-14.
35	李志磊, 柴环景, 程凯, 等. 一种海洋石油钻井平台固体废弃物无害化处理方法: CN110835267A[P]. 2019-11-14.
	LIN Zhilei, CHAI Huanjing, CHENG Kai, et al. The invention discloses a method for harmless disposal of solid waste from offshore oil drilling platform: CN110835267A[P]. 2019-11-14.
36	刘俊, 张琪琦, 张国杰, 等. 一种利用石化污泥等危废资源制备CH+CO重整催化剂的方法: CN111514877A[P]. 2020-08-11.
	LIU Jun, ZHANG Qiqi, ZHANG Guojie, et al. The invention relates to a method of preparing CH+CO reforming catalyst from petrochemical sludge and other hazardous waste resources: CN111514877A[P]. 2020-08-11.
37	常玉龙, 汪华林, 唐子腾, 等. 污泥裂解加氢利用方法及装置: CN108423960A[P]. 2018-03-05.
	CHANG Yulong, WANG Hualin, TANG Ziteng, et al. Method and device for utilization of sludge cracking and hydrogenation: CN108423960A[P]. 2018-03-05.
38	LI J P, WANG Y, CHANG Y L, et al. Cold model testing of in situ catalyst activation by swirling self-rotation in ebullated bed reactor for biomass pyrolysis oils hydrogenation[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 406: 126909.
39	杨鹏飞. 膜分离技术在VOCs回收领域的应用[J]. 科学技术创新, 2018(4): 5-7.
	YANG Pengfei. Application of membrane separation technology in VOCs recovery area[J]. Scientific and Technological Innovation, 2018(4): 5-7.
40	陈思晗, 张珂, 常丽萍, 等. 传统和新型制氢方法概述[J]. 天然气化工, 2019, 44(2): 122-127.
	CHEN Sihan, ZHANG Ke, CHANG Liping, et al. Overview of traditional and new hydrogen production methods[J]. Natural Gas Chemical Industry, 2019, 44(2): 122-127.
41	中国氢能联盟. 中国氢能源及燃料电池产业白皮书（2019版）[R]. 潍坊: 中国氢能联盟, 2019.
	China Hydrogen Energy Alliance. White paper on China’s hydrogen energy and fuel cell industry (2019 Edition)[R]. Weifang: China Hydrogen Energy Alliance, 2019.
42	王敏. 国内外新能源制氢发展现状及未来趋势[J]. 化学工业, 2018, 36(6): 13-18.
	WANG Min. The status quo and trend of producing hydrogen from new energy[J]. Chemical Industry, 2018, 36(6): 13-18.
43	YANG Q, ZHOU H W, BARTOCCI P, et al. Prospective contributions of biomass pyrolysis to China’s 2050 carbon reduction and renewable energy goals[J]. Nature Communications, 2021, 12: 1698.
44	徐兴敏. 生物质热解油催化加氢脱氧提质研究[D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2014.
	XU Xingmin. Upgrading of biomass pyrolysis oil via catalytic hydrodeoxygenation[D]. Zhengzhou: Zhengzhou University, 2014.
45	罗俊, 邵敬爱, 杨海平, 等. 生物质催化热解制备低碳烯烃的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(5): 1555-1564.
	LUO Jun, SHAO Jing’ai, YANG Haiping, et al. Research progresses on production of light olefins from catalytic pyrolysis of biomass[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(5): 1555-1564.
46	郑云武, 杨晓琴, 王霏, 等. 生物质催化裂解制备芳烃化合物的研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2015, 35(5): 149-158.
	ZHENG Yunwu, YANG Xiaoqin, WANG Fei, et al. Research progress of aromatics production from catalytic pyrolysis of biomass[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2015, 35(5): 149-158.
47	CHOI Y Y, PATEL A K, HONG M E, et al. Microalgae bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS): an emerging sustainable bioprocess for reduced CO₂ emission and biofuel production[J]. Bioresource Technology Reports, 2019, 7: 100270.
48	SKJÅNES K, REBOURS C, LINDBLAD P. Potential for green microalgae to produce hydrogen, pharmaceuticals and other high value products in a combined process[J]. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2013, 33(2): 172-215.
49	BEILEN J B VAN. Why microalgal biofuels won’t save the internal combustion machine[J]. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2010, 4(1): 41-52.
50	VAUGHAN N E, GOUGH C, MANDER S, et al. Evaluating the use of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in low emission scenarios[J]. Environmental Research Letters, 2018, 13(4): 044014.
51	ROGELJ J, POPP A, CALVIN K V, et al. Scenarios towards limiting global mean temperature increase below 1.5℃[J]. Nature Climate Change, 2018, 8(4): 325-332.
52	VUUREN D P, DEETMAN S, VLIET J V, et al. The role of negative CO₂ emissions for reaching 2℃—insights from integrated assessment modelling[J]. Climatic Change, 2013, 118(1): 15-27.
53	GOUGH C, GARCIA-FREITES S, JONES C, et al. Challenges to the use of BECCS as a keystone technology in pursuit of 1.5℃[J]. Global Sustainability, 2018, 1: e5.
54	SMITH P, DAVIS S J, CREUTZIG F, et al. Biophysical and economic limits to negative CO₂ emissions[J]. Nature Climate Change, 2016, 6(1): 42-50.
55	SU Y J, SONG K H, ZHANG P D, et al. Progress of microalgae biofuel’s commercialization[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, 74: 402-411.
56	TAKHT RAVANCHI M, SAHEBDELFAR S. Carbon dioxide capture and utilization in petrochemical industry: potentials and challenges[J]. Applied Petrochemical Research, 2014, 4(1): 63-77.
57	LI L, ZHAO N, WEI W, et al. A review of research progress on CO₂ capture, storage, and utilization in Chinese Academy of Sciences[J]. Fuel, 2013, 108: 112-130.
58	GRAVES C, EBBESEN S D, MOGENSEN M, et al. Sustainable hydrocarbon fuels by recycling CO₂ and H₂O with renewable or nuclear energy[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2011, 15(1): 1-23.
59	AHOUARI H, SOUALAH A, LE VALANT A, et al. Hydrogenation of CO₂ into hydrocarbons over bifunctional system Cu-ZnO/Al₂O₃+HZSM-5: effect of proximity between the acidic and methanol synthesis sites[J]. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 2015, 18(12): 1264-1269.
60	NILSSON M, PETTERSSON L J, LINDSTRÖM B. Hydrogen generation from dimethyl ether for fuel cell auxiliary power units[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2006, 20(5): 2164-2169.
61	CHO W, SONG T, MITSOS A, et al. Optimal design and operation of a natural gas tri-reforming reactor for DME synthesis[J]. Catalysis Today, 2009, 139(4): 261-267.
62	SHAO B, HU G, ALKEBSI K A M, et al. Heterojunction-redox catalysts of Fe _x Co _y Mg₁₀CaO for high-temperature CO₂ capture and in situ conversion in the context of green manufacturing[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2021, 14(4): 2291-2301.
63	MOHAMMADPOOR M, TORABI F. Big Data analytics in oil and gas industry: an emerging trend[J]. Petroleum, 2020, 6(4): 321-328.
64	GOLPÎRA H, KHAN S A R, SAFAEIPOUR S. A review of logistics internet-of-things: current trends and scope for future research[J]. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 2021, 22: 100194.

[1]	SUO Hansheng, JIA Mengda, SONG Guang, LIU Dongqing. Digital twin-driving force for petrochemical smart factory [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(7): 3365-3373.
[2]	MU Yanjun, SONG Qianqian, WANG Hongqiu, FU Kaimei, XUE Jing, WANG Chunjiao. Strategy and inspiration of low-carbon development in the USA petrochemical industry [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(6): 2797-2805.
[3]	GAO Libing, LYU Zhongyuan, SUO Hansheng, LIU Xiaoyu. Market analysis and development trend of petrochemical process simulation software [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(S2): 1-14.
[4]	WANG Zizong, WANG Jiming, GAO Libing. Classification and maturity analysis on petrochemical industrial software [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(4): 1827-1836.
[5]	Lingbo LI,Long LI,Mengting CHENG,Xiangchen FANG. Current status and future developments in monitoring of fugitive VOC emissions from petroleum refining and petrochemical industry [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(3): 1196-1208.
[6]	Chenghong WANG,Fanning MENG,Xin WEI,Tiantian CAO,Jinyi LUAN. Environmental applications of metal-organic frameworks in petrochemical industries [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(2): 429-438.
[7]	Peixian ZANG,Yiqing LUO,Xigang YUAN. Conditional scenario based approach to the optimization of petrochemical supply chain with uncertainty [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(11): 4815-4824.
[8]	KANG Deli, LIU Limin, JI Hongbing. Construction of emergency rescue system for Petrochemical Industry Park [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(03): 963-969.
[9]	HUANG Gesheng, LI Zhenyu, WANG Jianming. Development status of coal chemical industry in China and its influence on petrochemical industry [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2015, 34(02): 295-302.
[10]	Hong Dingyi. Progress of China’s petrochemical industry in 2013 and outlook for 2014 [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2014, 33(07): 1633-1658.
[11]	YANG Ting，SUN Xiaotao. Influence of shale gas development in US on world’s natural gas and petrochemical industry [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2013, 32(03): 717-720.
[12]	HONG Dingyi. Progress of China’s petrochemical industry in 2012 and outlook for 2013 [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2013, 32(03): 481-500.
[13]	LIU Tongju，DU Zhiguo，GUO Ying，YANG Xiaohong，ZHANG Yonggang，WANG Guoqing. Application of supercritical fluid technology in petrochemical industry [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2011, 30(8): 1676-.
[14]	YANG Fenglin，LI Bo，QUAN Xie. Application of water recycling economy in chemical & petrochemical industries [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2010, 29(7): 1175-.
[15]	ZHOU Hua，LI Xiuxi，QIAN Yu. Technical advances in industrial safety and fault prevention for petrochemical industry [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2008, 27(10): 1498-.