Abstract:

China’s coke production amounts to 4.73×10⁸t million tons, and the by-production of coke oven gas is about 2×10¹¹m³. Coke oven gas is rich in hydrocarbon resources such as H₂, CH₄, and CO. Its effective utilization and integration with the hydrogen energy demand of upstream and downstream industries are expected to generate significant carbon reduction benefits in the industry chain. This study constructs a spatial geographic coordinate and production capacity database of coke enterprises nationwide and conducts material flow and carbon flow analysis for typical coke enterprises. It systematically compares the environmental impacts, carbon emission reduction benefits, and hydrocarbon resource utilization efficiency of different utilization paths of coke oven gas, and proposes optimized strategies for the utilization of coke oven gas. The results show that the concentration of coking enterprises in China is relatively low. Shanxi is the province having the largest number of independent coking enterprises, with an a scale of less than 2×10⁶t. Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin and Jiangsu have steel and coke joint ventures, which are mainly large-scale coking enterprises. The coke industry produces a large amount of by-product coke oven gas, which can generate hydrogen gas up to 1×10¹¹m³ of hydrogen gas. The results of the life cycle assessment show that coke oven gas used for chemical conversion and reductant blast furnace blowing can effectively reduce carbon emissions compared with direct power generation as a fuel. Especially the hydrogen production pathway and blast furnace blowing pathway have 5 times and 67 times higher GWP reductions than the methanol production pathway, respectively. In addition, for the various coke oven gas utilization pathways, the total environmental impacts are ranked in descending order as methanol production, power generation, LNG production, ammonia production, hydrogen production, and blast furnace blowing. Based on with the analysis of various coke oven gas utilization paths and the spatial distribution of steel and coke enterprises, Shanxi and other places with more independent coking enterprises can give priority to the transition to the direction of coke oven gas hydrogen production. And in regions with conditions for the development of steel and coke joint, such as Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin, Jiangsu and other places, the transformation to the blast furnace blowing coke oven gas process is more conducive to produce inter-industry synergistic benefits, and effectively promote the development of pollution reduction and carbon reduction.

Key words: coke oven gas, hydrocarbon resources, life cycle analysis, carbon emission reduction potential, coke-steel coupling

摘要：

中国焦炭产量达4.73×10⁸t，副产焦炉气约2×10¹¹m³。焦炉气富含H₂、CH₄和CO等碳氢资源，对其有效利用并衔接上下游产业的氢能需求，有望产生显著的产业链减碳效益。本研究构建全国焦化企业的空间地理坐标和产能数据库，针对典型焦化企业开展物质流、碳流分析，系统比较焦炉气不同利用路径的环境影响、碳减排效益及碳氢资源利用率，提出优化的焦炉气利用策略。结果表明，我国焦化企业集中度较低，山西省是独立焦化企业最多的省份，企业规模在2×10⁶t以下；河北、辽宁、吉林、江苏等地则主要以钢焦联合企业为主，主要为大型焦化企业。焦化行业副产大量焦炉气，可产氢气达1×10¹¹m³。生命周期评价结果表明，焦炉气用于化工转化和还原剂高炉喷吹相比作燃料直接发电均可有效降低碳排放，尤其制氢路径和高炉喷吹路径的全球变暖潜值减少量分别是制甲醇路径的5倍和67倍。此外，在各种焦炉气利用路径中，总环境影响从高到低依次为制甲醇、发电、制LNG、制合成氨、制氢、高炉喷吹。结合各焦炉气利用路径分析与钢、焦企业空间分布，山西省等地独立焦化企业较多，可优先考虑向焦炉气制氢方向转型。而有条件发展钢焦联合发展区域，如河北、辽宁、吉林、江苏等地，向高炉喷吹焦炉气工艺改造转型，更有利于产生行业间协同效益，有效推动减污降碳发展。

关键词: 焦炉气, 碳氢资源, 生命周期分析, 碳减排潜力, 焦钢耦合