Research progress of perfluoropolyether polymers and functional composites

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0519

Abstract

Abstract:

Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) polymers possess low surface energy, low friction coefficient, excellent lubricating properties and good hydrophobic-oleophobic properties. They are widely used as lubricating materials of the fields of aerospace, nuclear industry, vacuum equipment, electronics, etc. They are also used as reactive intermediates of the synthesis of many functional composites. Recently, PFPE-based functional composites have received extensive attention in several emerging fields. Firstly, the latest research progress of PFPE polymers in the lubrication field are introduced. The insufficiencies of corrosion resistance, anti-rust, and the PFPE base oils creep-resistant of PFPE lubricants are mainly expounded, and their reasons are analyzed. Then, the research progress and application prospect of PFPE polymers in the aspects of functional coatings, fluorine-containing polyurethanes, fluoroelastomers, and Vitrimers are summarized. Preparation processes of some fluorinated functional composites are introduced. Finally, the future trends on research and application of PFPE polymers are prospected in order to provide new ideas for widening the application field of PFPE polymers and developing high value-added PFPE derivatives.

Key words: perfluoropolyether, polymers, composites, stability, lubricating, coating

摘要：

全氟聚醚（PFPE）聚合物具有极低的表面张力、低摩擦系数、优异的润滑性能和良好的疏水疏油性能，被广泛用作航空航天、核工业、真空、电子等领域的润滑材料以及合成功能复合材料的反应中间体。近年来，基于PFPE聚合物的含氟功能复合材料在一些新兴领域受到广泛关注。本文首先介绍了PFPE聚合物在润滑材料领域最新的研究进展，重点阐述了目前PFPE润滑剂在抗磨、防锈和PFPE基础油抗爬移方面存在的不足，并分析了其原因；其次概述了PFPE聚合物在功能涂层、含氟聚氨酯材料、氟橡胶以及类玻璃（Vitrimers）材料方面的研究进展和应用前景，并介绍了一些含氟功能复合材料的制备工艺；最后展望了PFPE聚合物未来的研究重点和发展趋势，旨在为拓宽PFPE聚合物的应用领域，开发高附加值的PFPE衍生产品提供思路。

关键词: 全氟聚醚, 聚合物, 复合材料, 稳定性, 润滑, 涂层

CLC Number:

TQ072

LIU Yang, ZHAO Heng, LI Qian, XIN Hu, LI Xingtao. Research progress of perfluoropolyether polymers and functional composites[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(1): 321-335.

刘洋, 赵恒, 李倩, 辛虎, 李杏涛. 全氟聚醚聚合物及其功能复合材料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(1): 321-335.

Figures/Tables 19

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样品	摩擦系数	磨斑直径/mm
PFPE	0.097	0.392
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚醇	0.095	0.352
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚酸	0.110	0.429
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚酰胺	0.116	0.294
PFPE+2% F	0.073	0.303

样品	摩擦系数	磨斑直径/mm
PFPE	0.097	0.392
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚醇	0.095	0.352
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚酸	0.110	0.429
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚酰胺	0.116	0.294
PFPE+2% F	0.073	0.303

类别	接触角/(°)
类别	水	二碘甲烷	十六烷
PET膜	68.8	32.3	2.5
PET膜+涂层	112.4	96.6	77.9

类别	接触角/(°)
类别	水	二碘甲烷	十六烷
PET膜	68.8	32.3	2.5
PET膜+涂层	112.4	96.6	77.9

样品	PFPE乙二醇（摩尔分数）/%	分子量（M_n）	摩擦系数	接触角/(°)		击穿电压/V
样品	PFPE乙二醇（摩尔分数）/%	分子量（M_n）	摩擦系数	水	油	击穿电压/V
PU	0	41084	0.149±0.005	74.7	91.1	2.7198±0.0570
co-FPU20	20	42084	0.148±0.007	75.9	91.1	3.3680±0.2943
co-FPU50	50	20543	0.132±0.001	97.0	90.9	3.1286±0.0188
FPU100	100	45877	0.095±0.005	102.7	92.1	3.1696±0.1586