Abstract:

Lignin is increasingly focused on the application of hybrid supercapacitors. It is a polyphenolic polymer with abundant aromatic functional groups and oxygen-containing functional groups, and is easily transformed into graphitized carbon layer via carbonization to form local highly conductive region, which is a high-quality candidate for the preparation of supercapacitors. Hence, it is becoming a cutting-edge spot using lignin based materials in hybrid supercapacitors. This paper reviewed the recent advances of lignin-based carbon materials in the electrode materials for hybrid supercapacitors with the emphasis on the roles/functions of lignin within electrode materials. Three categories including lignin/porous carbon type (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotube), lignin/metal compound type (e.g., metal oxides, sulfides, hydroxides) and lignin/conductive polymer type (e.g., polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene) were introduced, respectively. Furthermore, the application of lignin-based hybrid supercapacitors in flexible supercapacitors was also presented. Finally, the prospects and challenges of lignin-based materials for hybrid supercapacitor applications were summarized.

Key words: supercapacitors, lignin, electrode materials, carbon materials, electrochemical performance

摘要：

木质素是一种多酚聚合物，具有丰富的芳香类官能团和含氧官能团，且在碳化后形成的多孔碳材料易于转化为石墨化碳层，从而形成局部高导电区域，是制备超级电容器的优质前体，故将木质素用于混合型超级电容器逐渐成为研究热点之一。本文综述了近年来木质素碳材料在混合型超级电容器电极材料中的应用，重点分析了木质素在其中的作用，将其总结为3类进行介绍，包括木质素/多孔炭（石墨烯、碳纳米管）型、木质素/金属化合物（金属氧化物、硫化物、氢氧化物）型和木质素/导电聚合物（聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩）型。此外，还介绍了木质素基混合型超级电容器在柔性超级电容器中的应用。最后，总结了木质素基材料应用在混合超级电容器中的优势和挑战。

关键词: 超级电容器, 木质素, 电极材料, 碳材料, 电化学性能