Abstract:

Reversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOC) is all-solid-state electrochemical energy conversion device integrating functions of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), in which chemical energy stored in fuel gases and electric energy can be efficiently reverted reversibly into each other. Based on the operating processes and electrocatalytic mechanism appeared in RSOC, various critical issues (e.g., delamination between oxygen electrode and electrolyte) are outlined and discussed for oxygen electrode materials. In terms of simple perovskites (Mn-based, Co-based and Fe-based), double perovskites and non-perovskites respectively, research status on preparation methods are highlighted and evaluated for these materials, as well as the effects on the electrochemical performance and charge-discharge characteristics of the unit cell employing different materials for the electrolytes and fuel electrodes. Onto avoid the delamination issues appeared between the oxygen electrode and electrolyte layers, some suggestions are proposed, e.g., preparing the intermediate transition layers, developing new types of the oxygen electrode materials with the super oxygen stoichiometry, high oxygen ion conductivity and diffusion coefficient, as well as integrated structures for RSOC functional layers. It is also suggested that the double perovskites materials can be used as one of the promising candidates for the RSOC oxygen electrodes. This work will serve as an important foundation for designing, preparing and optimizing RSOC oxygen electrodes.

Key words: fuel cells, electronic materials, electrochemistry, hydrogen production

摘要：

可逆固体氧化物燃料电池（RSOC）是一种集固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）和固体氧化物电解池（SOEC）于一体的全固态电化学能源转换装置，可以将燃料中的化学能和电能相互高效转化。本文基于RSOC的工作过程和氧电极的电催化机理，分析和讨论氧电极结构的分层问题及对其材料的要求。本文按照单钙钛矿型（锰基、钴基、铁基）、双钙钛矿型和非钙钛矿型氧电极的研究现状进行分类综述，分别从氧电极材料的制备、极化电阻、电催化活性及其与不同的电解质和燃料极材料相匹配几个方面，讨论RSOC在SOFC和SOEC模式下的放电和电解的行为，分析RSOC氧电极的特性。针对氧电极与电解质分层的问题，提出制备中间过渡层、开发新型具有超氧化学计量比和高氧离子传导速率的氧电极材料以及制备一体化对称电池的解决方案，并指出双钙钛矿将是RSOC氧电极的重要候选材料之一。本文将为RSOC氧电极的设计、制备和优化提供重要的参考和依据。

关键词: 燃料电池, 电子材料, 电化学, 制氢