Research progress on treatment methods of phenolic substances and ammonia nitrogen in coal chemical wastewater

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0548

Abstract

Abstract:

Coal chemical wastewater is a typical toxic and refractory industrial wastewater. After pretreatment, this kind of wastewater still contains a large number of toxic and harmful substances, among which, ammonia nitrogen and phenols are the typical representatives. Ammonia nitrogen concentration is around 200mg/L, and phenolic concentration is up to 1000mg/L, accounting for more than 40% of the COD. Great harm would be put on the environment and life if these highly toxic substances were untreated. Therefore, the effective treatments for phenols and ammonia nitrogen are the key point to realization of the harmless treatment of coal chemical wastewater and green sustainable development. This review summarizes the current status for the treatment of phenolic substances and ammonia nitrogen in coal chemical wastewater, including phenolic substance treatment technologies and ammonia nitrogen treatment technologies. Furthermore, various technologies and processes in terms of their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. This review is to allow researchers in this field to understand the research status and development trend of phenols and ammonia nitrogen treatment technologies and processes in coal chemical wastewater. Finally, the development prospects of phenols and ammonia nitrogen treatment in coal chemical wastewater are discussed.

Key words: coal chemical wastewater, removal of phenolic substance, removal of ammonia nitrogen, progress

摘要：

煤化工废水是一种典型的有毒、难降解性工业废水。经预处理后的废水中仍含有大量的有毒有害物质，其中氨氮、酚类物质是典型的代表，氨氮含量在200mg/L左右，酚类物质含量占COD值的40%以上，浓度高达1000mg/L。如果对这些高毒性的物质不加处理或处理深度不够，则对环境和生命都会造成极大的危害。因此，酚类物质、氨氮的有效处理是实现煤化工废水无害化处理以及绿色可持续发展的关键。本综述主要从酚类物质处理技术与工艺、氨氮处理技术与工艺两个方面梳理了国内外煤化工废水中酚类物质、氨氮的处理现状，也全面分析了各种技术与工艺的优缺点。使该领域的研究人员以更加科学的方法了解煤化工废水中酚类物质、氨氮处理技术与工艺的研究现状和发展趋势。最后，探讨了未来煤化工废水中酚类物质、氨氮处理的发展前景。

关键词: 煤化工废水, 去除酚类物质, 去除氨氮, 进展

CLC Number:

X703

Xingshe LIU, Yongjun LIU, Zhe LIU, Pengfei LI, Pan LIU. Research progress on treatment methods of phenolic substances and ammonia nitrogen in coal chemical wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(1): 505-514.

刘兴社, 刘永军, 刘喆, 李鹏飞, 刘磐. 煤化工废水中酚类物质、氨氮的处理方法研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(1): 505-514.

Figures/Tables 7

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项目	鲁奇工艺	德士古工艺	壳牌工艺
氨氮	3500~9000	1300~2700	9000
COD	3500~23000	200~760	200~300
甲酸化合物	无	100~1200	无
苯酚	1500~5500	<10	20
氰化物	1~40	10~30	50
焦油	<500	无	10~20

项目	鲁奇工艺	德士古工艺	壳牌工艺
氨氮	3500~9000	1300~2700	9000
COD	3500~23000	200~760	200~300
甲酸化合物	无	100~1200	无
苯酚	1500~5500	<10	20
氰化物	1~40	10~30	50
焦油	<500	无	10~20

处理工艺	主要的实验条件	进水水质	去除率	参考文献
固定生物膜法	载体材料为聚乙烯，填充率为50%	NH₃-N 166~684mg·L^-1，COD 1400~1980mg·L^-1，酚38~90mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 46%、酚78%、COD 49%	Rava等^[21]
A²/O-MBR	总水力停留时间为40h，反应器运行500d	NH₃-N 49~488mg·L^-1，COD 1182~3310mg·L^-1，TN 110~617mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 99.5%，COD 89.8%，TN 71.5%	Zhao等^[24]
限氧曝气-SBBR	溶解氧浓度4.5~0.35mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 80~125mg·L^-1，COD 600~1000mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 76.91%，TN 70.23%	Ma等^[28]
MBBR	悬浮载体为直径10mm的聚乙烯圆柱形材料，其密度约为0.97g·cm^-3，填充率约50%。溶解氧控制在5mg·L^-1左右，温度为33℃左右	NH₃-N 182~259mg·L^-1，COD 1712~2340mg·L^-1，酚94~146mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 93%，COD 81%，酚89%	Li等^[31]

处理工艺	主要的实验条件	进水水质	去除率	参考文献
固定生物膜法	载体材料为聚乙烯，填充率为50%	NH₃-N 166~684mg·L^-1，COD 1400~1980mg·L^-1，酚38~90mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 46%、酚78%、COD 49%	Rava等^[21]
A²/O-MBR	总水力停留时间为40h，反应器运行500d	NH₃-N 49~488mg·L^-1，COD 1182~3310mg·L^-1，TN 110~617mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 99.5%，COD 89.8%，TN 71.5%	Zhao等^[24]
限氧曝气-SBBR	溶解氧浓度4.5~0.35mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 80~125mg·L^-1，COD 600~1000mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 76.91%，TN 70.23%	Ma等^[28]
MBBR	悬浮载体为直径10mm的聚乙烯圆柱形材料，其密度约为0.97g·cm^-3，填充率约50%。溶解氧控制在5mg·L^-1左右，温度为33℃左右	NH₃-N 182~259mg·L^-1，COD 1712~2340mg·L^-1，酚94~146mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 93%，COD 81%，酚89%	Li等^[31]

处理工艺	主要的实验条件	进水水质	去除率	参考文献
颗粒活性炭-短程脱氮技术	颗粒活性炭填充率25%；DO为4~6mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 130.4~173.3mg·L^-1，COD 1328.8~1807.3mg·L^-1	总氮的去除率68.8%~75.8%	Zhao等^[32]
粉末活性炭-短程脱氮技术	粉末活性炭投加量1g·L，HRT为24h，DO为4mg·L^-1	NH₃-N 154mg·L^-1，COD 1350mg·L^-1，总酚420mg·L^-1	NH₃-N86.89%，COD 85.8%，总氮75.54%	Zhao等^[33]