Abstract:

Coal bed methane is abundant in China, and the gas deoxidants has been widely concerned. This paper describes three deoxidation mechanisms including combustion deoxidation, catalytic oxidation and chemical absorption. The preparation processes, deoxidation mechnisms and state-of-the-art of gas deoxidants, including noble metals, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum and porous ceramic materials, are described. By comparing the preparation cost, deoxidation effect, post-treatment procedure, some advantages and disadvantages are pointed out. The deoxidation effect of noble metal deoxidizer is the best, but it needs methane and hydrogen, and leads to the production of CO₂/H₂O. The non-precious metal deoxidizer is cheap, but the deoxidation effect is slightly poor, and the operational temperature is relatively higher. And the non-metal deoxidation can refrain from sulfur poisoning. Finally, according to the characteristics of the deoxidants, two promising research topics are proposed: non-metal deoxidation, complex deoxidants with high adsorption and catalytic performance.

Key words: coal bed methane, deoxidation mechanism, noble metal deoxidizing catalyst, non-noble metal deoxidant

摘要：

阐述了燃烧脱氧、催化氧化、化学吸收法等3种脱氧机理，主要综述了贵金属、铜系、铁系、锰系、钼系以及多孔陶瓷材料等相关脱氧剂的制备工艺、脱氧原理和研究现状。通过对比不同脱氧剂的制备成本以及脱氧效果、后处理程序等，指出各种脱氧剂的优缺点。其中贵金属脱氧剂脱氧效果最好，但消耗甲烷、氢气等还原气体，且产生CO₂/H₂O等杂质；非贵金属脱氧剂价格低廉，但脱氧效果略差，使用温度相对较高；非金属型脱氧剂具有不易硫中毒等优缺点。最后，综合前述脱氧剂的特点，提出脱氧剂的两个发展方向，即非金属脱氧剂和具有较强吸附、催化性能的复合型脱氧剂。

关键词: 煤矿瓦斯, 脱氧机理, 贵金属脱氧催化剂, 非贵金属脱氧剂