Abstract: Short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), which are chlorinated derivatives of n-alkanes, are a group of complex mixtures that include 10—13 carbon atoms. They have some conmmon properties, such as environmental persistence, biotoxicity, bioaccumulation and long-distance transport. Having been considered as candidates to be added to the list on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention, SCCPs have been widely paid attention recently. In this paper, the physicochemical properties of SCCPs are described, and various analytical methods of SCCPs are compared, including gas chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD), gas chromatography-electron impact ionization mass spectrometry (GC-EI/MS), and gas chromatography-electron capture negative chemical ion source low resolution mass spectrometry (GC-ECNI-LRMS). Meanwhile, the pollution occurrence of SCCPs in the global environment media (air, soil, sediment and water) and organisms is summarized. The pollution control technologies of SCCPs, including biodegradation, photodegradation and adsorption are discussed. Further, aiming at the problems in previous studies the future research directions are proposed to provide references for related study.

Key words: tert butyl alcohol, dehydration reaction, isobutene, thermodynamics, equilibrium

摘要： 研究了叔丁醇(TBA)气相脱水生成异丁烯过程所涉及主、副反应的热力学,采用平衡常数计算法得出主、副反应在不同温度下的标准摩尔焓变、标准摩尔生成吉布斯自由能变和标准平衡常数等热力学数据。采用吉布斯自由能最小化法,从热力学角度讨论了反应温度、压力、惰性稀释和水蒸气稀释对TBA脱水反应的影响规律,可为工业化TBA脱水工艺开发提供借鉴。热力学分析结果说明了TBA脱水反应易在高温低压下进行,异丁烯平衡产率对温度和压力的变化更为敏感,TBA原料含水量对异丁烯平衡产率几乎无影响,以热力学角度而言,无需对TBA原料进行干燥处理。

关键词: 叔丁醇, 脱水反应, 异丁烯, 热力学, 平衡