Abstract: The recent research progress in enzymatic electrodes，including enzymatic species，mediator and direct electron transfer electrode and enzyme immobilization，are illustrated. For the purpose of improving conversion efficiency of biological fuel cell，the influences of various factors are analyzed. Different redox enzymes should be used to enhance electron transfer，by using small molecules or redox polymer mediators current density can be increased，the improvement of direct electron transfer can be achieved by modification with some conductive polymer materials，as well as the physical or chemical enzyme immobilization methods can dramatically influence the stability of enzymes. Therefore，searching for the new technologies and new materials to build enzymatic electrode with high enzyme activity and electron transfer efficiency will be the direction of future development in this field.

Key words: enzymatic biofuel cells, enzyme electrode, oxidoreductase, electron transfer, enzyme immobilization

摘要： 综述了生物燃料电池酶电极的研究进展，尤其是近年来在氧化还原酶的种类、电子介体电极、直接电子传递电极以及固定化酶等方面的研究成果。从提高生物燃料电池的转换效率出发，分析各因素对酶电极性能的影响，包括针对不同底物燃料使用相应的氧化还原酶实现电极之间的电子传递、小分子或聚合物中介体存在下提高电流密度、导电聚合物等修饰电极对直接电子传递效率的贡献，以及物理或化学的酶固定化方法增加酶的稳定性等。因此采用新材料及新工艺构筑酶电极，最大程度上保持酶的活性，提高载酶量及电子传递效率，将成为该领域未来的发展方向。

关键词: 酶生物燃料电池, 酶电极, 氧化还原酶, 电子传递, 酶的固定化