Abstract: The research on fuel ethanol from lignocellulosesis a hot topic. Research progress of strains using pentoses and hexoses in ethanol production was reviewed. Progress of natural microbe, recombinant Zymomonas mobilis, Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was presented. Direct evolution or changing a number of related gene cluster that make the overall level of the cell to adapt to xylose metabolism, and random mutagenesis and evolutionary engineering of the recombinant strains combining modern high-throughput screening are the focus of future research.

Key words: fuel ethanol, lignocellulosic material, Zymomonas mobilis, pentose, hexose

摘要： 利用纤维质原料发酵生产燃料酒精是目前研究的热点。综述了五碳糖和六碳糖共发酵生产酒精菌株选育的研究进展。主要介绍了利用自然微生物、重组运动发酵单胞菌（Zymomonas mobilis）、重组大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）和重组酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae） 酒精发酵的进展情况。指出定向进化或改变多个相关基因群，使细胞整体满足木糖的代谢需求，以及对重组菌进行随机突变、进化选育并结合现代高通量筛选等技术是未来研究工作的重点。

关键词: 燃料酒精, 纤维质原料, 发酵单孢菌, 五碳糖, 六碳糖