Abstract: Biomass pyrolysis carbonization technology，a way for the utilization of biomass energy，has attracted great attention. Two typical equipments for biomass pyrolysis carbonization，charcoal kilns and fixed bed，were introduced. The structure characteristics and the application area of different kinds of equipments were recounted. These researches have indicated that the fixed bed equipments have shorter production cycle，stronger adaptability for biomass materials and better maneuverability，in which the quality of carbon product is more guaranteed compared with that from charcoal kilns. High efficient，stable and mechanized equipments shall be the main focus for future research and development.

Key words: biomass, carbonization, pyrolysis, kiln, fixed bed

摘要： 生物质热解炭化技术作为生物质能源开发利用的一种重要途径，已经得到国内外广泛关注。文章介绍了生物质热解炭化反应设备的两大类型，即窑式炭化炉和固定床式热解炉。详细论述了各种典型设备的结构特点和适用范围，认为与窑式炭化炉相比，固定床式热解炭化炉炭化周期短、对生物质原料适应性和可操作性更强、产炭品质更有保障。最后指出了高效、稳定、机械化是生物质热解炭化设备未来的研究和发展方向。

关键词: 生物质, 炭化, 热解, 窑炉, 固定床