Abstract: Vacuum cavitation extraction technique was used to extract the alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus and the extraction yields of the main three alkaloids vinblastine，vindoline and catharanthine were used to estimate the extraction results. The effects of different solvents，pH value，acid，extraction time，solid-liquid ratio and extraction time on extraction yields were studied. The optimum parameters of extraction process by vacuum cavitation were as follows：extraction solvent was 50% methanol in sulfuric acid solution；pH value of extraction solvent was 1.5；solid-liquid ratio was 1∶10；C. roseus was extracted 3 times with each 25min by vacuum cavitation. The results showed that vacuum cavitation extraction technique was better than other extraction methods for low-concentration and high-value vinblastine with extraction yield up to 0.082‰.

摘要： 采用负压空化法对长春花中的生物碱进行提取研究，以长春花中3种主要生物碱长春碱、文多灵和长春质碱的提取率评价提取效果，考察了提取溶剂、pH值、酸性调节物、提取时间、料液比和提取次数等因素对提取效果的影响。结果表明：以pH值为1.5的硫酸50%甲醇溶液作为提取溶剂，料液比1∶10，空化提取25 min，空化提取3次时，提取效果最好；与其它提取方法相比，负压空化法更适合用于含量低但价格昂贵的长春碱的提取，提取率达到0.082‰。