Abstract:

To address the global issue of excessive CO₂ emissions, China has set the goals of peaking carbon emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060. Developing the efficient CO₂ chemical conversion technologies is the key to achieve the target of carbon neutrality. By these technologies, one can convert the useless greenhouse gas into the chemical product with high value. However, only a few of technologies can be applied industrially for now. In this review, the mechanisms of CO₂ utilization technologies (including CO₂ hydrogenation, CO₂ methane reforming, CO₂ esterification reaction and CO₂ mineralization utilization) were explained,the latest research progresses in recent years were summarized, and the challenges of the research and application were pointed out. Finally, the directions of various CO₂ chemical utilization technologies were prospected and some suggestions for these technologies were proposed.

Key words: carbon dioxide, chemical conversion technologies, hydrogenation, methane reform, organic carbonates, mineralization

摘要：

针对CO₂排放这一全球性问题，我国明确2030年碳达峰、2060年碳中和的战略目标。发展高效CO₂化学转化技术是推进该战略目标实现的关键。通过CO₂化学利用技术可将廉价无用的温室效应气体转化为具有极高经济价值的重要化工产品，但目前仅有少数技术可以实现工业化应用。在此背景下，本文从CO₂利用技术的转化方式出发，阐述了各技术的基本原理，总结了国内外相关团队在CO₂化学利用技术基础与应用研究中的进展（包括CO₂加氢技术、CO₂甲烷重整、CO₂酯化反应、CO₂矿化利用），指出了目前CO₂化学利用技术研究所面临的挑战。最后，本文展望了各种CO₂化学利用技术的发展方向，并提出了发展建议。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 化学转化技术, 加氢, 甲烷重整, 有机碳酸酯, 矿化