Performance analysis and parameter optimization of mini-channel using Taguchi method

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1379

Abstract

Abstract:

In the pursuit of high efficiency, compact and light aviation fuel heat exchanger, various working conditions and structural parameters affecting the heat transfer and pressure performance of mini channel were explored and optimized. By using orthogonal design of Taguchi method and loss function analysis, the contribution and influence of different factors on the performance index were obtained, and the conclusion was proved to be statistically significant by additivity test. The results showed that the inlet velocity and channel flow pattern contribute the most to the heat transfer and pressure performance of the mini channel, and the cylindrical vortex generator channel could obtain the best comprehensive performance. In addition, it was found that the change of physical property of the working medium in the process of heat transfer would affect the calculation of Prandtl number, resulting in different influence laws and different optimization parameter combinations of various evaluation indexes of heat transfer pressure and comprehensive performance. Therefore, it was necessary to select appropriate evaluation indexes according to practical problems.

Key words: mini-channels, Taguchi method, orthogonal experiment, evaluation index, optimal design, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), numerical simulation

摘要：

以高效、紧凑、轻质的航空燃油换热器为研究背景，对影响微小通道换热和压力性能的多种工况条件和结构参数进行探究和优化。应用Taguchi方法的正交实验设计和损失函数分析，得到不同因子对性能指标的贡献度和影响规律，并通过可加性检验证明结论具有统计显著性。结果显示，入口流速和通道流型对微小通道传热和压力性能的贡献度最大，通道流型选择圆柱旋涡发生器通道能获得最佳综合性能。此外发现，换热过程中工质的物性变化会影响普朗特数计算，导致多种传热压力性能和综合性能的评价指标有不同影响规律和不同优化参数组合，因此研究时需要根据实际问题选择恰当的评价指标。

关键词: 微小通道, Taguchi方法, 正交实验, 评价指标, 优化设计, 计算流体力学, 数值分析

CLC Number:

TK124

LIU Shaobin, QI Hong, YU Zhiqiang, HE Mingjian, YU Xikui. Performance analysis and parameter optimization of mini-channel using Taguchi method[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(12): 6409-6422.

刘少斌, 齐宏, 余智强, 何明键, 于喜奎. 基于Taguchi方法的微小通道性能分析与参数优化[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(12): 6409-6422.

Figures/Tables 41

内边长d₁/mm	外边长D₁/mm	波纹角θ₁/（°）	节距臂长L₄/mm
2.5	3	120	10

外边长D₂/mm	入口平台S₁/mm	翅片间距S₂/mm	翅片倾角θ₂/（°）	中间平台S₃/mm	翅片长度S₄/mm	翅片厚度δ₂/mm
6	2.7	4	30	3	4	0.5

外边长D₃/mm	突起间距L₅/mm	突起宽度δ₃/mm	圆球半径d₂/mm
9	4	1	1

水平	工质入口温度 /K	工质流动状态 /m·s^-1	壁面加热温度 /K	通道流型
水平1	293.15	0.30	373.15	直通道
水平2	308.15	0.59	398.15	波纹通道
水平3	323.15	0.89	423.15	正弦通道
水平4	338.15	1.19	448.15	百叶窗通道
水平5	353.15	1.49	473.15	圆柱阵列通道

材料

密度ρ

/kg·m^-3

比定压热容c_p

/J·kg^-1·K^-1

热导率λ

/W·m^-1·K^-1

热物性	拟合函数（5MPa）	确定系数R²
热导率λ/W·m^-1·K^-1	$f (x) = p 1 x 2 + p 2 x + p 3$ p₁=1.73×10^-7，p₂=-3373×10^-4，p₃=0.21	0.9996
密度ρ/kg·m^-3	$f (x) = a 1 × e x p - x - b 1 c 1 2 + a 2 × e x p - x - b 2 c 2 2 + a 3 × e x p - x - b 3 c 3 2$ a₁=782.4，b₁=287.6，c₁=298.2，a₂=224，b₂=585.1，c₂=126.9，a₃=119.7，b₃=671.9，c₃=48.89	0.9985
比定压热容c_p/kJ·kg^-1·K^-1	$f (x) = p 1 x 2 + p 2 x + p 3$ p₁=5.01×10^-6，p₂=1.57×10^-3，p₃=1.13	0.9958
黏度μ/μPa·s	$f (x) = a × e x p (b x) + c × e x p (d x)$ a=2.05×10⁷，b=-3.63×10^-2，c=6686，d=-7.51×10^-3	0.9998

热物性	拟合函数（5MPa）	确定系数R²
热导率λ/W·m^-1·K^-1	$f (x) = p 1 x 2 + p 2 x + p 3$ p₁=1.73×10^-7，p₂=-3373×10^-4，p₃=0.21	0.9996
密度ρ/kg·m^-3	$f (x) = a 1 × e x p - x - b 1 c 1 2 + a 2 × e x p - x - b 2 c 2 2 + a 3 × e x p - x - b 3 c 3 2$ a₁=782.4，b₁=287.6，c₁=298.2，a₂=224，b₂=585.1，c₂=126.9，a₃=119.7，b₃=671.9，c₃=48.89	0.9985
比定压热容c_p/kJ·kg^-1·K^-1	$f (x) = p 1 x 2 + p 2 x + p 3$ p₁=5.01×10^-6，p₂=1.57×10^-3，p₃=1.13	0.9958
黏度μ/μPa·s	$f (x) = a × e x p (b x) + c × e x p (d x)$ a=2.05×10⁷，b=-3.63×10^-2，c=6686，d=-7.51×10^-3	0.9998

项目	水平	入口温度A	入口流速B	壁面温度C	通道流型D
平均信噪比	1	36.71	32.13	36.33	31.90
	2	36.83	35.37	37.28	37.24
	3	36.69	37.55	37.17	34.71
	4	37.22	39.26	36.97	39.72
	5	37.42	40.57	37.12	41.31
R极差		0.74	8.44	0.96	9.41
贡献度		3.78%	43.17%	4.92%	48.13%
排序		4	2	3	1

项目	水平	入口温度A	入口流速B	壁面温度C	通道流型D
平均信噪比	1	88.38	81.28	80.16	84.05
	2	88.83	83.72	85.27	88.34
	3	86.48	86.67	87.23	87.48
	4	84.82	89.07	88.96	85.96
	5	82.43	90.19	89.32	85.11
R极差		6.40	8.90	9.16	4.29
贡献度		22.26%	30.95%	31.86%	14.93%
排序		3	2	1	4

项目	水平	入口温度	入口流速	壁面温度	通道流型
平均信噪比	1	-38.41	-36.86	-39.37	-43.04
	2	-39.26	-38.82	-39.31	-38.57
	3	-40.00	-40.37	-39.54	-40.73
	4	-40.04	-40.86	-40.10	-38.26
	5	-40.67	-41.47	-40.06	-37.78
R极差		2.26	4.60	0.79	5.25
贡献度		17.52%	35.67%	6.12%	40.69%
排序		3	2	4	1

项目	水平	入口温度	入口流速	壁面温度	通道流型
平均信噪比	1	22.78	37.45	22.28	28.81
	2	22.09	27.55	22.43	14.36
	3	23.05	20.66	23.31	24.00
	4	23.53	16.10	23.26	23.90
	5	23.62	13.31	23.79	24.00
R极差		1.53	24.14	1.51	14.46
贡献度		3.67%	57.97%	3.62%	32.74%
排序		3	1	4	2

项目	水平	入口温度	入口流速	壁面温度	通道流型
平均信噪比	1	19.18	16.96	18.58	26.37
	2	18.33	18.49	18.60	11.73
	3	19.20	19.26	19.46	20.85
	4	18.98	19.72	19.34	18.58
	5	19.53	20.80	19.24	17.69
R极差		1.20	3.83	0.88	14.63
贡献度		5.84%	18.65%	4.28%	71.23%
排序		3	2	4	1

项目	水平	入口温度	入口流速	壁面温度	通道流型
平均信噪比	1	-32.02	-31.21	-33.17	-34.25
	2	-33.15	-32.66	-33.11	-34.66
	3	-33.60	-33.95	-33.05	-33.78
	4	-33.71	-34.28	-33.65	-32.06
	5	-34.15	-34.54	-33.65	-31.89
R极差		2.14	3.33	0.61	2.77
贡献度		24.20%	37.62%	6.89%	31.29%
排序		3	2	4	1

项目	水平	入口温度	入口流速	壁面温度	通道流型
平均信噪比	1	43.10	37.79	42.52	40.69
	2	42.95	41.53	43.48	41.15
	3	43.09	43.96	43.66	41.66
	4	43.54	45.83	43.41	45.91
	5	43.93	47.50	43.53	47.21
R极差		0.99	9.72	1.14	6.52
贡献度		5.39%	52.91%	6.21%	35.49%
排序		4	1	3	2

项目	水平	入口温度	入口流速	壁面温度	通道流型
平均信噪比	1	-9.27	-1.68	-17.99	-10.66
	2	-9.52	-9.14	-12.72	-20.85
	3	-10.89	-13.09	-9.88	-12.05
	4	-12.07	-15.26	-8.20	-7.66
	5	-14.38	-16.95	-7.32	-4.90
R极差		5.11	15.27	10.67	15.96
贡献度		10.87%	32.49%	22.7%	33.94%
排序		4	2	3	1

流道类型	换热面积/m²	结构体积/m³	紧凑比/m²·m^-3
直通道	2.50×10^-3	6.88×10^-7	3636.37
波纹通道	2.80×10^-3	7.71×10^-7	3636.31
正弦通道	2.80×10^-3	7.71×10^-7	3635.83
百叶窗通道	4.12×10^-3	1.06×10^-6	3882.27
圆柱阵列通道	6.45×10^-3	1.86×10^-6	3458.77

实验	分类	最优组合	p_cost/%	Q_total/W	Nu·F^-1/3	J·F^-1/3	Q_t·p_t^-1
正交	Nu·F^-1/3最大	A₁B₅C₅D₅	2.77	44596.22	375.14	2.44×10^-2	0.12
	J·F^-1/3最大	A₃B₁C₃D₅	0.17	12393.19	127.87	3.45×10^-2	1.46
	Q_t·p_t^-1最大	A₃B₁C₃D₅	0.17	12393.19	127.87	3.45×10^-2	1.46
优化	Nu·F^-1/3最大	A₅B₅C₃D₅	4.2	30300.90	378.22	1.86×10^-2	0.24
	J·F^-1/3最大	A₁B₁C₃D₅	0.18	15901.88	118.78	1.87×10^-2	2.89
	Q_t·p_t^-1最大	A₁B₁C₅D₅	0.2	20849.86	104.41	2.97×10^-2	3.31

评价指标	SNR _average	SNR_A	SNR_B	SNR_C	SNR_D	SNR _predict	SNR _analyze
J·F^-1/3	-33.33	-32.02	-31.21	-33.05	-31.89	-28.19	-28.47
Nu·F^-1/3	43.32	43.93	47.50	43.66	47.21	52.33	51.55
Q_t·P_t^-1	-11.22	-9.27	-1.69	-7.32	-4.90	10.51	10.39

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