Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 4931-4947.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0402

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Design and preparation of platinum-based electrocatalysts for fuel cells

LI Ruisong1,2(), LIU Yalin2, TIAN Hao2, WANG Qian2, RAO Peng1,2, LI Jing1,2, JIA Chunman1,3, TIAN Xinlong1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
    3.Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
  • Received:2021-03-01 Revised:2021-04-08 Online:2021-09-13 Published:2021-09-05
  • Contact: TIAN Xinlong

燃料电池中铂基电催化剂的设计与合成

李瑞松1,2(), 刘亚琳2, 田浩2, 王谦2, 饶鹏1,2, 李静1,2, 贾春满1,3, 田新龙1,2()   

  1. 1.海南大学化学工程与技术学院,海南 海口 570228
    2.海南大学南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室,海南 海口 570228
    3.海南省精细化工重点实验室,海南 海口 570228
  • 通讯作者: 田新龙
  • 作者简介:李瑞松(1989—),男,博士研究生,研究方向为燃料电池。E-mail:lrs0809@hainanu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2020037);海南省研究生创新科研课题(Hyb2020-05)

Abstract:

Fuel cells (FCs) have attracted increasing attention owing to their high energy conversion efficiency and low pollution. However, the bottleneck problems of high cost, low activity and poor stability that are related to the cathodic reduction reaction and anodic oxidation reaction of small molecule substances, have seriously hindered the industrialization of FCs. Therefore, designing efficient and stable catalysts for FCs is very important to further realize their industrial application. Interestingly, advanced platinum (Pt)-based electrocatalysts could be the most effective and important solution. Different from the monometallic Pt nanocrystals, the Pt-based disordered alloy and the ordered intermetallic nanocrystal have some unique and intriguing physicochemical properties, and thus are regarded as the ideal models for exploring the structure-property relationship of metal electrocatalysts. This review summarizes the recent advances in Pt-based electrocatalysts with high activity and stability. First, we introduce the catalytic activity and stability enhancement mechanism for transition metal (M) and Pt. Further, we highlight the regulatory factors and controlled synthesis of Pt-based alloys, and describe the synthetic strategies of intermetallic compounds in detail. Finally, the current challenges and future development directions of the Pt-based electrocatalysts are discussed and outlined to provide new ideas for the development of electrocatalysts.

Key words: fuel cells, catalyst, activity, Pt-based alloy, controllable preparation

摘要:

燃料电池具有高能量转化效率、低环境污染等优势,近年来备受关注。然而,阴极氧还原反应和阳极小分子氧化反应成为燃料电池产业化的瓶颈,包括催化剂制备成本高、催化活性低和稳定性差等问题。如何设计高效、稳定的燃料电池催化剂,对于进一步推动燃料电池的应用十分关键,而发展先进的铂(Pt)基电催化剂是最为有效的途径之一。相比于单金属铂纳米晶,铂基无序合金和有序金属间化合物具有独特的物理化学特性,被认为是研究金属电催化剂结构-性能的理想模型。本文综述了高活性、高稳定性的铂基电催化剂的研究现状,首先阐述了铂基电催化剂的催化活性和稳定性的增强机制,着重介绍了铂基合金的调控因素与可控合成,进一步总结了铂基有序金属间化合物的制备策略。最后,对铂基电催化剂的未来发展方向进行了讨论及展望,以期为燃料电池中电催化剂的发展开拓新思路。

关键词: 燃料电池, 催化剂, 活性, 铂基合金, 可控合成

CLC Number: 

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