Advances in structure design and alkane isomerization performance of metal-zeolite bifunctional catalyst

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0330

Abstract

Abstract:

Metal-zeolite bifunctional catalysts have two kinds of active sites, which is suitable for promoting the catalytic efficiency of complex reactions such as alkane isomerization. Based on our understanding of the mechanisms of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation on metal sites and carbon chain isomerization on acid sites, several typical cases in frontier researches and the study strategies were summarized in order to provide fundamental insight for the research and development of novel efficient catalysts for alkane isomerization. Regarding the control of the proximity of bifunctional sites, the spatial distribution control strategies of metals, zeolites and binders are introduced, and it is pointed out that the appropriate distance between the two sites is beneficial to the diffusion of olefin intermediates. For improving the utilization of acid sites, the hierarchically structured zeolites with micro-meso porous structure or short diffusion distance are introduced, and it is pointed out that the enhanced diffusion and mass transfer can help to inhibit the side reaction of olefin cracking. To improve the utilization of metal sites, the highly dispersion method of precious metals is introduced, and the strategy of using light transition metals to replace precious metals is briefly described. In view of the future development, it is necessary to further study the proximity of bifunctional sites in the forming process of industrial catalysts, to improve the utilization of acid sites and metal sites, and to reduce the cost of precious metals in catalysts.

Key words: catalyst, zeolite, diffusion, active site, isomerization, precious metals

摘要：

金属-分子筛双功能催化剂具有两种催化活性中心，适用于提高烷烃异构等复杂反应的催化效率。本文基于金属中心进行加氢/脱氢反应、酸中心进行碳链异构化的反应机理认识，尝试总结了若干典型前沿研究案例与策略，以期为研发高效烷烃异构催化剂提供科学参考。在调控双功能中心接近性方面，文章介绍了金属、分子筛、黏合剂这三者的空间分布控制策略，指出两种功能中心之间合适的距离有利于烯烃中间体扩散；在提高酸中心的利用率方面，介绍了微孔-介孔结构或较短扩散距离的多级孔分子筛，指出这种强化扩散传质有助于抑制烯烃中间体的裂解副反应；在提高金属中心的利用率方面，介绍了贵金属高分散负载方法，简述了采用轻过渡金属来降低或替代Pt等贵金属使用。着眼未来，文章提出还需进一步研究工业催化剂成型过程中的双功能中心接近性、提高酸中心和金属中心利用率、降低贵金属等催化剂成本。

关键词: 催化剂, 分子筛, 扩散, 活性位, 异构化, 贵金属

CLC Number:

O643.3

ZHENG Renyang. Advances in structure design and alkane isomerization performance of metal-zeolite bifunctional catalyst[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(7): 3785-3790.

郑仁垟. 金属-分子筛双功能催化剂的结构设计及其烷烃异构研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(7): 3785-3790.

Figures/Tables 4

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