Abstract:

Phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers with a flexible porous structure, high surface area, and diversified modification potential show a promising prospect in heterogeneous catalysis. For the lack of review on the preparation of phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers and their applications in heterogeneous catalysis, herein, we retrospect their developments and advances in the past decade. Phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers have a great progress in preparation, including coupling polycondensation, organolithiation route, Friedel-Crafts polycondensation, solvothermal olefin polymerization, scholl polycondensation, phenolic polymerization, aldimine condensation, phosphating of poly-pyrylium salts, and multi-stage polymerization, etc. Due to the excellent coordination ability of phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers, metal nanoparticle or even metal single-atom (or single-site) catalysts can be prepared by loading these polymers with different metal species. In phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers based catalytic systems, phosphorus can not only induce the distribution of metal species but also modify their electronic and steric properties, thus they can regulate the activity and selectivity of catalysts.

Key words: porous organic polymers, phosphines, catalyst, heterogeneous catalysis

摘要：

含磷多孔有机聚合物不仅具有发达的孔隙和表面结构，还具有很强的可调变性和可修饰性，在多相催化中有着广泛的应用前景。目前还没有概述含磷多孔有机聚合物的制备及其在多相催化中应用的综述，本文对该领域近十年来的研究进展进行了归纳和梳理。指出含磷多孔有机聚合物的合成方法发展十分迅速，包括偶联缩聚、锂盐参与的缩聚、Friedel-Crafts缩聚、溶剂热烯烃聚合、Scholl缩聚、酚醛聚合、醛胺缩合、聚吡喃盐的磷代以及多段式聚合等。基于其骨架中含有大量膦配体，含磷多孔有机聚合物能负载一系列金属化合物制成负载型金属纳米颗粒催化剂，甚至单原子或单位点金属催化剂。表明聚合物基催化剂中，膦配体不仅能诱导金属在聚合物中均匀分布，并且在调控金属的表面电子性质和位阻性质等方面发挥重要作用，进而对催化剂的活性和选择性产生影响。

关键词: 多孔有机聚合物, 膦配体, 催化剂, 多相催化