Abstract:

With the development of domestic petroleum exploitation, the water cut of produced liquid is up to 70%—90%, and the energy consumption of gathering and transportation in oilfields is greatly increased, which makes low-temperature transportation process widely used. However, a series of flow assurance problems caused by the wall sticking of gelled crude oil have attracted extensive attention of researchers at home and abroad. This paper mainly expounds the research progress of wall sticking at home and abroad, summarizes and analyses the influencing factors and related research results of wall sticking law at present, introduces the main experimental equipment and research methods of wall sticking law, and summarizes the experimental results of domestic and foreign scholars. Based on the above research results, the macro-rule of wall sticking, the influence of physical properties and composition of crude oil and the influence of gelled crude oil are summarized, and wall sticking are deemed the result of the combined action of kinetics and thermodynamics. In particular, the discriminant method and empirical regression formula for wall sticking temperature are put forward. Finally, suggestions and directions for further research on wall sticking are given. This will be of great significance to alleviate and control the wall sticking problem of gelled crude oil and ensure the safe operation of pipelines in the future.

Key words: low-temperature transportation, wall sticking, petroleum, kinetics, thermodynamics, safety

摘要：

随着国内石油开采进入中后期，采出液含水率高达70%～90%，油田集输能耗大大增加，这使得不加热集油工艺得以广泛应用。但凝油粘壁现象所引起的一系列流动保障问题受到了国内外研究者的广泛关注。本文重点阐述了国内外凝油粘壁的研究进展，对现阶段凝油粘壁规律的影响因素与相关研究成果作了总结与分析，介绍了粘壁规律的主要实验设备与研究方法，对国内外学者的实验情况作了概述。结合上述研究成果，总结了凝油粘壁的宏观规律、原油物性与组成的影响以及胶凝原油的影响，并认为凝油粘壁是动力学与热力学共同作用的结果。特别提出了对凝油粘壁温度的判别方法与经验关联式。最后给出了进一步开展凝油粘壁研究的建议与方向。这将对未来缓解与治理凝油粘壁问题与确保管道安全运行有着重要意义。

关键词: 不加热集油, 粘壁, 石油, 动力学, 热力学, 安全