Quantitative feeding characteristics of granular materials in electromagnetic vibration feeder

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1580

Abstract

Abstract:

To improve the quantitative feeding performance of electromagnetic vibratory feeder, the simulation model of vibrator under the dual control method of amplitude and gate opening was established based on the discrete element method. The influence of control parameters on the stability and accuracy of the feeding flow was studied from the perspective of the particle group motion state and mechanical properties, and the reliability of the model was validated by experiments. The results showed that the mean value of the feed flow respectively appears a quadratic curve and linear growth with the increase of amplitude and gate opening, and the change of feeding velocity caused by the change of layer thickness makes the interaction factor between amplitude and gate opening. With the increase of amplitude, the turbulent flow area of the outer layer particles of the inner side of the gate increases, and the velocity of the arc flow at the gate is also accelerated. When the amplitude is reduced to 2.0mm or the gate opening is increased to 16mm, the normal and tangential average contact force and the maximum contact force between particle-particle and particle-groove can be effectively reduced, and the flow density of the particle group can be increased. The force of the particle system is more uniform, the flow consistency is better. Furthermore, the variation coefficient of the feeding flow is reduced, and the comprehensive performance of the rapidity and stability of the quantitative feeding is improved.

Key words: electromagnetic vibration feeder, discrete element method, precision dosing, flow behavior

摘要：

为提高电磁振动给料机定量加料性能，采用离散单元法建立振幅和闸门开度双重控制参数下电振机的计算模型，从颗粒群运动状态和力学特性的角度研究控制参数对加料流量快速性和稳定性的影响，并通过实验验证了计算模型的可靠性。结果表明：加料流量均值随振幅、闸门开度的增加分别呈二次曲线和线性增长，且料层厚度的变化引起加料速度的改变使得振幅与闸门开度间存在交互因子；提升振幅，闸门内侧外层颗粒紊流区域增加，闸门口弧状流流速加快；减小振幅至2.0mm或增大闸门开度至16mm，都能有效降低颗粒与颗粒、颗粒与槽面之间法向、切向上的平均接触力和最大接触力，颗粒群流动密实性增加，颗粒体系受力更为均衡，流动一致性更好，进而使加料流量变异系数减小，定量加料快速性和稳定性综合性能提高。

关键词: 电磁振动给料机, 离散单元法, 定量加料, 流动行为

CLC Number:

Meibao PENG, Yilun LIU, Xianqiong ZHAO, Chi LIU, Siqi LIU, Zhuo FU. Quantitative feeding characteristics of granular materials in electromagnetic vibration feeder[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(05): 2142-2149.

彭美豹, 刘义伦, 赵先琼, 刘驰, 刘思琪, 付卓. 电磁振动给料机内颗粒物料的定量加料特性[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(05): 2142-2149.

Figures/Tables 10

参数	数值
颗粒半径r _p/mm	1.2
振动幅值A /mm	1.5，2.0，2.5
闸门开度h/mm	8，12，16，20，24
振动频率f/Hz	25
振动方向角 $β$ /(°)	20
材质	颗粒：石英砂；槽面：钢
泊松比 $σ$	颗粒: 0.3；槽面: 0.3
剪切模量G/Pa	颗粒:5×10⁷；槽面: 7×10¹⁰
密度ρ/ $k g ? m - 3$	颗粒: 2653；槽面:7800
恢复系数e	颗粒-颗粒:0.75；颗粒-槽面:0.70
滑动摩擦系数 $μ s$	颗粒-颗粒:0.80；颗粒-槽面:0.60
滚动摩擦系数 $μ r$	颗粒-颗粒:0.05；颗粒-槽面:0.05
仿真步长t _s/s	5.94×10^-6

参数	数值
颗粒半径r _p/mm	1.2
振动幅值A /mm	1.5，2.0，2.5
闸门开度h/mm	8，12，16，20，24
振动频率f/Hz	25
振动方向角 $β$ /(°)	20
材质	颗粒：石英砂；槽面：钢
泊松比 $σ$	颗粒: 0.3；槽面: 0.3
剪切模量G/Pa	颗粒:5×10⁷；槽面: 7×10¹⁰
密度ρ/ $k g ? m - 3$	颗粒: 2653；槽面:7800
恢复系数e	颗粒-颗粒:0.75；颗粒-槽面:0.70
滑动摩擦系数 $μ s$	颗粒-颗粒:0.80；颗粒-槽面:0.60
滚动摩擦系数 $μ r$	颗粒-颗粒:0.05；颗粒-槽面:0.05
仿真步长t _s/s	5.94×10^-6

试验号	振幅 A/mm	闸门开度h /mm	交互作用 A×h	加料流量均值Ga /kg·s^-1
1	1（1.5）	1（8）	1	0.078
2	1（1.5）	2（16）	2	0.249
3	1（1.5）	3（24）	3	0.407
4	2（2.0）	1（8）	2	0.094
5	2（2.0）	2（16）	3	0.336
6	2（2.0）	3（24）	1	0.563
7	3（2.5）	1（8）	3	0.106
8	3（2.5）	2（16）	1	0.384
9	3（2.5）	3（24）	2	0.647
I	0.734	0.278	1.025
II	0.993	0.969	0.99
III	1.137	1.617	0.849
R	0.403	1.339	0.176

类型	标准偏差	R ²	R ²校正值	预测残差平方和	模型评价
线性	0.038	0.9629	0.9567	0.0169
2FI	0.016	0.9938	0.9921	0.0028
二次	0.011	0.9974	0.9960	0.0012	推荐类型
三次	0.004	0.9998	0.8329	0	混淆类型

振幅/mm	闸门开度/mm	检测区域颗粒总数	真实接触点总数		（最大法向/切向接触力）/N		（平均法向/切向接触力）/N
振幅/mm	闸门开度/mm	检测区域颗粒总数	颗粒-颗粒	颗粒-槽面	颗粒-颗粒	颗粒-槽面	颗粒-颗粒	颗粒-槽面
2	8	42391	1042	291	0.0244/0.0099	0.0742/0.0242	0.0087/0.0039	0.0124/0.0046
2	16	127779	25718	2903	0.0043/0.0020	0.0562/0.0232	0.0021/0.0009	0.0072/0.0033
2.5	16	117776	20103	2138	0.0121/0.0052	0.0852/0.0411	0.0041/0.0019	0.0115/0.0047

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