Abstract:

The static stress distribution of powders is one of the important parameters in the design and operation of the silo. The stress distribution in the hopper was studied in the three-dimensional plexiglass bin. The horizontal stress and vertical stress of the silo were measured using pressure sensor. The distribution rules of stress in the silo were obtained and analyzed theoretically based on arch effect. The results show that the horizontal stress in the silo is basically independent of the distance from the outlet and the center of the silo. The horizontal stress on the wall reaches its maximum at the cone-cylinder junction and increases greatly with the increase of the feeding height. The maximum vertical stress in the silo appears at the center of the silo near the cone junction. In the same horizontal section, the vertical stress decreases gradually from the center to wall of the silo. With the increase of the feeding height, vertical stress increased gradually. At the wall, the lateral stress ratio increases first and then decreases with the increase of the height from the outlet, and is greater than 1 at the cone-cylinder junction.

Key words: silo, powders, stress distribution, silo arching, lateral stress ratio

摘要：

料仓内的粉体静态应力分布是指导料仓设计和运行的重要参数之一。本文在三维有机玻璃料仓中，对料仓应力分布进行试验研究，利用应力传感器对料仓壁面及粉体内部水平、竖直应力进行研究，获得料仓中粉体内部应力的分布规律，并基于拱效应对料仓中的应力分布进行理论研究。结果表明：料仓内部水平应力与距出口及料仓中心的距离基本无关，壁面处的水平应力在筒锥结合处达到最大值且随加料高度的增加大幅度增加。料仓内部垂直应力的最大值出现在筒锥结合处近筒段的料仓中心位置。同一平面，从料仓中心至仓壁，垂直应力呈逐渐减小的趋势。随加料高度的增加，垂直应力均逐渐增加。在壁面处，侧压力系数随着距出口高度的增加出现先增大后减小的趋势，在筒锥结合处大于1。

关键词: 料仓, 粉体, 应力分布, 拱效应, 侧压力系数