Preparation and electrochemical performance of capacitive carbon derived from corncob

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-1545

Abstract

Abstract: Capacitive carbons for electrode material of supercapacitors from corncob have been synthesized by one-step activation method. The physical properties of the prepared capacitive carbon were studied by using low temperature N₂ adsorption, scanning electron microscope(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical performances of capacitive carbon electrode materials were also investigated using galvanostatic charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry and leakage current in 3mol/L KOH aqueous electrolyte. The results showed that the corncob capacitive carbon with a specific surface of 1340m²/g, total pore volume of 1.135cm³/g, mesoporosity up to 97.7% was obtained at ZnCl₂/corncob ratio of 2, activation temperature of 700℃ and activation time of 1h. The specific capacitance reached 159F/g at a current density at 50mA/g and still remained 137F/g even at a current density of 2500mA/g. The specific capacitance could retained 92.5% after 1000 cycles and its leakage current was only 1.9μA. It showed that the corncob capacitive carbon had high-rate performance and long cycle life, and the electrode material was ideal for electrochemical capacitors.

Key words: biomass, corncob, activation, capacitive carbon, electrode material, electrochemistry

摘要： 以玉米芯为原料，经ZnCl₂一步活化法制备超级电容器用电容炭电极材料。采用低温N₂吸附、扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）及X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等手段系统表征电容炭的微观结构及表面性质，并利用恒流充放电、循环伏安和漏电流等测试手段研究其在无机电解液体系（KOH）中的电化学性能。研究表明：在ZnCl₂/玉米芯浸渍比为2：1、700℃的条件下活化1h可制备出比表面积为1340m²/g、总孔容为1.135cm³/g、中孔率高达97.7%的玉米芯电容炭。将其用作电极材料表现出良好的电化学特性，在50mA/g的电流密度下质量比电容为159F/g，2500mA/g电流密度下比电容仍可达137F/g，1000次循环后比电容保持率为92.5%，漏电流仅为1.9μA。结果表明：玉米芯电容炭具有良好的倍率特性和循环性能，是一种理想的电化学电容器用电极材料。

关键词: 生物质, 玉米芯, 活化, 电容炭, 电极材料, 电化学

CLC Number:

TQ424.1

QU Xiaoxiao, XING Baolin, KANG Weiwei, ZHANG Chuantao, HUANG Guangxu, ZHAO Huihui, TIAN Ye, GUO Mengyao, ZHANG Chuanxiang. Preparation and electrochemical performance of capacitive carbon derived from corncob[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(06): 2340-2346.

屈笑笑, 邢宝林, 康伟伟, 张传涛, 黄光许, 赵会会, 田野, 郭梦瑶, 张传祥. 玉米芯电容炭的制备及其电化学性能[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(06): 2340-2346.

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