Advances in separation and purification of lactic acid from fermentation broths

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.09.004

Abstract

Abstract: Lactic acid is the raw material for synthesis of poly-(lactic acid). Biological processes are the main industrial method for lactic acid production. Due to the complex composition of fermentation broth,separation and purification of lactic acid from fermentation broth become the key technologies for biosynthesis. They also determine the quality and yield of lactic acid. In this paper,separation methods of lactic acid from fermentation broth are discussed,including crystallization,esterification, extraction,molecular distillation,membrane separation,adsorption and in situ product removal technology combining fermentation with the above separation methods. However,a single technology cannot efficiently extract lactic acid. It has to combine multiple technologies and improve the process route. One of the methods is to combine efficient integration technologies with the fermentation process,realizing continuous or semi-continuous production. This can improve the productivity and quality of lactic acid,and also form a set of purification processes that are efficient,high-quality, low-pollution,low energy-consuming and also feasible for industrial production.

Key words: lactic acid, separation/purification, fermentation broth

摘要： 乳酸是合成聚乳酸的原料，生物法制备乳酸是目前工业上生产乳酸的主要方法。但乳酸发酵液成分复杂，后续的分离提纯过程成了制约乳酸生产的技术瓶颈和难点，也决定着乳酸的品质与收率。本文对乳酸发酵液的主要的分离提取工艺进行了介绍，包括结晶分离技术、酯化水解法、萃取法、分子蒸馏法、膜分离法、吸附法及与发酵耦合的原位分离技术。并提出单一的分离技术很难有效提取乳酸，需将多种技术集成、改良提纯工艺路线。其中，将各种新型高效的集成技术与发酵过程的有机结合，实现连续或半连续的发酵过程，可提高乳酸产率和产品质量，有望形成高效率、高品质、低污染、低能耗、可工业化的乳酸提纯工艺路线。

关键词: 乳酸, 分离/提取, 发酵液

CLC Number:

TQ923

SUN Qimei, QIAO Kai, WANG Lingmin, GAO Dacheng, WANG Chonghui. Advances in separation and purification of lactic acid from fermentation broths[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(09): 2656-2662.

孙启梅, 乔凯, 王领民, 高大成, 王崇辉. 发酵液中乳酸的分离提取研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(09): 2656-2662.

References

[1] DATTA R,HENRY M. Lactic acid:recent advances in products, processes and technologies[J]. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology,2006,81:1119-1129.
[2] OHARA I,HIYAMA K,YOSHIDA T. Kinetics of growth and lactic acid production in continuous and batch culture[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1992,37:544-548.
[3] WEE Y J,KIM J N,RYU H W. Biotechnological production of lactic acid and its recent applications[J]. Food Technology & Biotechnology,2006,44(2):163-172.
[4] JOGLEKAR H G,RAHMAN I,BABU S,et al. Comparative assessment of downstream processing options for lactic acid[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2006,52(1):1-17.
[5] 姜绍通,潘丽军,郑志,等. 从发酵液中提取乳酸的新工艺:160329 A[P]. 2005-04-06.
[6] 王浩,崔耀军,顾永华. 乳酸提取和精制技术研究进展[J]. 食品安全导刊,2015,5:73-75.
[7] 刘模. 米根霉发酵液中乳酸酯化水解精制工艺机理研究[D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学,2011.
[8] RATHOD A P,WASEWAR K L,SONAWANE S S. Intensification of esterification reaction of lactic acid with iso-propanol using pervaporation reactor[J]. Procedia Engineering,2013,51:456-460.
[9] PANWANA K,PAILIN B,DIETMAR H,et al. Purification of L-(+)-lactic acid from pre-treated fermentation broth using vapor permeation-assisted esterification[J]. Process Biochemistry,2012, 47:1948-1956.
[10] 李雪辉,王乐夫,孙琳. 渗透汽化-酯化反应耦联膜过程动力学模型[J]. 化工学报,2000,51(2):210-213.
[11] CHOI J I,HONG W H. Recovery of lactic acid by batch distillation with chemical reactions using ion exchange resin[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan,1999,32(2):184-189.
[12] MA l,ZHANG Y,YANG J C. Purification of lactic acid by heterogeneous catalytic distillation using ion-exchange resins[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering,2005,13(1):24-31.
[13] CHEN L J,ZENG A W,DONG H B,et al. A novel process for recovery and refining of L-lactic acid from fermentation broth[J]. Bioresource Technology,2012,112:280-284.
[14] 王家卫,李政,谭天伟. 从发酵液中萃取L-乳酸的工艺[J]. 生物加工过程,2008,6(1):56-59.
[15] 卢英华,戴深峻,李清彪. 有机溶剂萃取法提取乳酸[J]. 厦门大学学报,1997,36(1):85-90.
[16] FRIELING P V,SCHUGERL K. Recovery of lactic acid from aqueous model solutions and fermentation broths[J]. Process Biochemistry,1999,34:685-696.
[17] KRZYZANIAK A,LEEMAN M,VOSSEBEL D F. Novel extractants for the recovery of fermentation derived lactic acid[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2013,111:82-89.
[18] KRZYZANIAK A,SCHUUR B,HAAN A B. Equilibrium studies on lactic acid extraction with N,N-didodecylpyridin-4-amine(DDAP) extractant[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,2014,109:236-243.
[19] 修志龙,宋志远,魏博超,等. 一种盐析萃取发酵液中有机酸的方法:101979368 A[P]. 2011-02-23.
[20] 魏搏超,宋志远,孙亚琴,等. 发酵液中乳酸的盐析萃取[J]. 过程工程学报,2012,12(1):46-48.
[21] 任慧,吴宇琼,丁一刚,等. 双水相法萃取精制乳酸钙的研究[J]. 精细石油化工进展,2003,4(5):4-6.
[22] 陈敏,王轶雄,方序. 非常规介质中乳酸萃取发酵条件的研究[J]. 中国食品学报,2004,4(1):43-47.
[23] DISSING U,MATTIASSON B.Cultivation of Lactococcus lactis in a polyelectrolyte-neutral polymer aqueous two phase system[J]. Biotechnol Letter,1994,16(4):333-338.
[24] 柴红,谭军. 乳酸的乳化液膜萃取与有机溶剂萃取的比较[J]. 高等化学工程学报,1999,13(1):56-61.
[25] WASOWAR K L,PANGARKAR V G,HEESINK B, et al. Intensification of enzymatic conversion of glucose to lactic acid by reactive extraction[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2003,58(15):3385-3393.
[26] KIM J Y,KIM Y J,HONG W H,et al. Recovery process of lactic acid using two distillation columns[J]. Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering,2000,5(3):196-201.
[27] 孙波,徐宁,姚婉莹,等. 离心式分子蒸馏设备在发酵L-乳酸精制工艺中的应用[J]. 化工进展,2009,28(10):1872-1879.
[28] 王甲卫,郭小雷,李政,等. 分子蒸馏法分离发酵液中的乳酸[J]. 化工进展,2007,26(11):1619-1621.
[29] ANDREA K,PATRCIA F M,BETANIA H L,et al. Evaluation of lactic acid purification from fermentation broth by hybrid short path evaporation using factorial experimental design[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2014,136:233-240.
[30] 徐昌红,方家骥. L-乳酸生物炼制技术的新进展[J]. 精细与专用化学品,2007,15(14):10-13.
[31] 胡友慧,黄裕杰. 应用吸附树脂从发酵液中提取乳酸的研究[J]. 化学世界,1998,7:357-360.
[32] 吴建,吴菁岚,庄伟,等. D-乳酸在微孔超高交联树脂HD-01上的吸附热力学及动力学[J]. 生物加工过程,2014,13(1):60-67.
[33] TONG W Y,FU X Y,LEE S M,et a1. Purification of L-lactic acid from fermentation broth with paper sludge as a cellulosic feedstock using weak anion exchanger Ambeflim IRA-92[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2004,18:89-96.
[34] WU J L,HU Y N,QIAN W B,et al. Separation of D-lactic acid from aqueous solutions based on the adsorption technology[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochem. Eng. Aspects,2012,407:29-37.
[35] 李文友. 发酵液生产L-乳酸精制技术的研究进展[J]. 化学时刊, 2014,28(3):44-47.
[36] SRIVASTAVA A,ROYCHOUDHURY P K,SAHAI V. Extractive lactic acid fermentation using Ion exchange resin[J]. Biotechnology and Bioengineering,1992,39(6):607-613.
[37] BENJAMIN G G,KEERTHI S,BIRGITTE K A. Performance andstability of Amberlite^TM IRA-67 ion exchange resin for product extraction and pH control during homolactic fermentation of corn stover sugars[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal,2015,94:1-8.
[38] 胡海江,冯立,潘丽军,等. 超滤膜去除乳酸发酵液中蛋白质的工艺研究[J]. 农产品加工(学刊),2006,10:126-129.
[39] 孙洪贵,曾碧榕,杨黄浩,等. 超滤膜在发酵液提取乳酸中的应用研究[J]. 2001,10:1509-1511.
[40] ANTOINE B,HELENE R B,FLORECE L. Investigation of nanofiltration as a purification step for lactic acid production processes based on conventional and bipolar electrodialysis operations[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2006,52:266-273.
[41] SIKDER J,CHAKRABORTY S,PAL P. Purification of lactic acid from microfiltrate fermentation broth by cross-flow nanofiltration[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal,2012,69:130-137.
[42] NAREBSKA A,KURANTOWIEZ M. Separation of fermentation products by membrane techniques.Ⅱ.Conversion of lactate to lactic acid by electrodialysis[J]. Separation Science Technology,1998,33(7):959-973.
[43] 李学梅,刘茉娥. 发酵液中乳酸的电渗析分离[J]. 高校化学工程学报,1998,12(3):231-235.
[44] MADZINGAIDZO L, DANNER H, BRAUN R. Process development and optimisation of lactic acid purification using electrodialysis[J]. Journal of Biotechnology,2002,96:223-239.
[45] 林晗,汪群慧,王丽娟,等. 双极膜电渗析法分离发酵液中乳酸及离子迁移规律[J]. 化工学报,2014,65(12):4823-4830.
[46] WANG C X, LI Q,WANG D, et al. Improving the lactic acid production of Actinobacillus succinogenes by using a novel fermentation and separation integration system[J]. Process Biochemistry,2014,49(8):1245-1250.
[47] BOONTAWAN P,KANCHANATHAWEE S,BOONTAWAN A. Extractive fermentation of L-(+)-lactic acid by Pediococcus pentosaceus using electrodeionization (EDI) technique[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal,2011,54:192-199.
[48] GAO M T,MICHITERU K,RIE G,et al. Development of a continuous electrodialysis fermentation system for production of lactic acid by Lactobacillus rhamnosus[J]. Process Biochemistry, 2005,40:1033-1036.
[49] WANG X L,WANG Y M,ZHANG X,et al. In-situ combination of fermentation and electrodialysis with bipolar membranes for the production of lactic acid:continuous operation[J]. Bioresource Technology,2013,147:442-448.