Abstract: Membrane distillation(MD) is an emerging membrane separation process, and has started to receive more research concern recently due to its several attractive and unique features, such as high salt rejection rate, being capable of treating high concentration feed etc. MD can be applied for different applications, including seawater desalination, wastewater treatment and various solutions concentrating process. However, the industrialization of MD is limited to some extent because of its relatively higher energy consumption and process cost. The current status of MD intensification and optimization research has been highlighted in this paper. It has reviewed the research progress of membrane material and fabrication methods, optimization of MD operating parameters, membrane module improvement and auxiliary equipment integration, utilization of solar and low-grade thermal energy, recycling the evaporation/condensation latent heat as well as hybrid MD system with other separation process. Meanwhile, the application of MD in the treatment of industrial high concentration saline wastewater was proposed and analyzed. Moreover, the research directions of MD process intensification and optimization were discussed and summarized, which would provide insightful guidelines for the further development of MD technique.

Key words: membrane distillation, process intensification, optimization

摘要： 膜蒸馏作为一种新型的膜分离技术,具有脱盐率高、可处理高浓度原料液等技术优势,近年来引起学术界及工业界的广泛关注.膜蒸馏技术可被应用于海水淡化,工业废水/苦盐水脱盐及糖、盐、果汁、有机/无机酸、碱液等的浓缩过程.但由于当前膜蒸馏能耗及成本较高,一定程度上限制了该技术的工业化.本文重点介绍了可用于强化膜蒸馏过程和优化该过程能量利用的方法及研究进展,主要包括膜材料和膜制备方法/工艺的进展、膜蒸馏过程操作条件的优化、改进膜组件和辅助装置的应用、太阳能和低品位热源的使用、蒸发冷凝潜热的回收以及耦合其他分离过程的复合膜蒸馏系统,同时分析了膜蒸馏技术处理高盐工业废水的应用前景,最后探讨和总结了膜蒸馏过程强化及优化的研究方向,为该技术的进一步发展提供了科学性指导.

关键词: 膜蒸馏, 过程强化, 优化技术