Abstract: This paper introduces the concept of "cavitation impinging stream" with novel flow field structure and its background, describes the three features of "cavitation impinging stream" and analyzes its promotion of reaction kinetics. In order to verify the influence of flow field on chemical reaction rate, contrast experiments were conducted by using ordinary nozzle impinging stream reaction device, self-excited pulsed nozzle of cavitation reaction device, low-speed mixing device and high-speed stirring reaction device. When using cavitation impinging stream reactor, reaction rate constants were 13.42%, 27.46% and 33.82% higher respectively than those of impinging stream reactor, high-speed stirring reactor and low-speed mixing reactor. Furthermore, energy consumption of the cavitation impinging stream reactor was lower. Cavitation impinging stream technology could effectively increase chemical reaction rate.

Key words: cavitations impinging streams, reactors, reaction kinetics, turbulence, flow field

摘要： 介绍了具有新型流场结构的"空化撞击流"的概念及其提出的背景;阐述了"空化撞击流"的三大特性;分析了空化撞击流技术对反应动力学的促进作用;用实验的方法研究了空化撞击流流场结构对化学反应动力学的影响规律。通过实验验证了关于空化撞击流流场对化学反应速率影响的推断。实验依次在普通喷嘴撞击流反应装置、空化自激脉冲喷嘴空化撞击流反应装置、低速搅拌反应装置和高速搅拌反应装置中进行。由实验结果可见,使用空化撞击流反应器时,反应速率常数分别比使用撞击流反应器、高速搅拌反应器和低速搅拌反应器高出13.42%、27.46%和33.82%,而且空化撞击流反应器的能耗更低。因此,利用空化撞击流技术确实可以有效提高化学反应速率。

关键词: 空化撞击流, 反应器, 反应动力学, 湍动, 流场