硫自养/异养协同反硝化深度脱氮处理三氯蔗糖生产废水

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2181

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决工业废水普遍存在的氮污染问题及单一电子供体的反硝化技术存在的缺陷，在上流式高效流化床反硝化反应器中，本文以Na₂S₂O₃和葡萄糖为底物构建硫自养/异养协同反硝化脱氮系统，研究其对三氯蔗糖生产废水二级处理出水的深度脱氮效果。在(35±1)℃下，调整进水C/N/S为1.3/1/1.9，反应器在40~109天运行期间，达到较高的脱氮水平，NO $3 -$ -N去除率均在93%以上，最大NO $3 -$ -N去除负荷达到3.52kg/(m³·d)，且在不投加pH缓冲剂的条件下，出水pH始终保持在7.0以上。硫自养/异养协同反硝化污泥的群落组成以自养反硝化菌和兼养反硝化菌为主，其占比分别为45.69%和25.38%，异养反硝化菌相对较少。其中Thiobacillus是相对丰度最高的自养反硝化细菌，占比39.02%。

关键词: 硫自养反硝化, 异养反硝化, 硫代硫酸钠, 深度脱氮, 三氯蔗糖生产废水

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of nitrogen pollution in industrial wastewater and the defects of denitrification technology of single electron donor, a sulfur autotrophic/heterotrophic synergistic denitrification system was constructed in an upflow high efficiency fluidized bed denitrification reactor with Na₂S₂O₃ and glucose as substrates. The deep denitrification of the sucrose trichloride production wastewater was studied. Under (35±1)℃, influent C/N/S was adjusted to 1.3/1/1.9, the operation of reactor for 40~109d reached a high nitrogen removal level. NO $3 -$ -N removal rates were above 93%, Maximum NO $3 -$ -N removal load up to 3.52kg/(m³·d), And without pH buffer, effluent pH is always above 7.0. The community composition of sulfur autotrophic/heterotrophic synergistic denitrification sludge was mainly autotrophic denitrifying bacteria and concurrent denitrifying bacteria, the proportion of which was 45.69% and 25.38% respectively, and the heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria were relatively few. Among them, Thiobacillus were the most abundant autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, accounting for 39.02%.

Key words: sulfur autotrophic denitrification, heterotrophic denitrification, sodium hyposulfite (Na₂S₂O₃), deep denitrification, sucralose wastewater

中图分类号:

X703

耿雅雯, 刘锋, 冯震, 陈俊, 张雪智. 硫自养/异养协同反硝化深度脱氮处理三氯蔗糖生产废水[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(10): 5829-5836.

GENG Yawen, LIU Feng, FENG Zhen, CHEN Jun, ZHANG Xuezhi. Deep treatment of sucralose wastewater with sulfur autotrophic/heterotrophic synergistic denitrification[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(10): 5829-5836.

图/表 7

图1 实验装置1—配水桶；2—进水泵；3—水浴保温层；4—水封；5—循环泵；6—水浴箱；7—出水桶

表1 反应器各阶段运行参数

实验阶段	起止时间/d	进水NO $3 -$ -N浓度/mg·L^-1	NO $3 -$ -N容积负荷/kg·m^-3·d^-1	C/N/S
Ⅰ	1~14	470	0.95	2.3/1/1.9
	15~27	470	0.95	1.9/1/1.9
	28~39	470	0.95	1.5/1/1.9
	40~49	470	0.95	1.3/1/1.9
Ⅱ	50~58	670	1.36	1.3/1/1.9
	59~70	670	1.70	1.3/1/1.9
	71~83	780	2.35	1.3/1/1.9
	84~95	940	2.84	1.3/1/1.9
	96~109	940	3.78	1.3/1/1.9

表1 反应器各阶段运行参数

实验阶段	起止时间/d	进水NO $3 -$ -N浓度/mg·L^-1	NO $3 -$ -N容积负荷/kg·m^-3·d^-1	C/N/S
Ⅰ	1~14	470	0.95	2.3/1/1.9
	15~27	470	0.95	1.9/1/1.9
	28~39	470	0.95	1.5/1/1.9
	40~49	470	0.95	1.3/1/1.9
Ⅱ	50~58	670	1.36	1.3/1/1.9
	59~70	670	1.70	1.3/1/1.9
	71~83	780	2.35	1.3/1/1.9
	84~95	940	2.84	1.3/1/1.9
	96~109	940	3.78	1.3/1/1.9

图2 反应器运行过程

表2 国内外硫自养反硝化去除高浓度NO3--N研究成果

反应器类型	电子供体类型	废水来源	是否需pH缓冲	NO $3 -$ -N去除负荷/kg·m^-3·d^-1
填充床^［25］	单质硫	人工配水	是	1.47
CHSAD^［26］	单质硫+甲醇	人工配水	否	2.16
批次实验^［27］	硫代硫酸钠	人工配水	是	0.20
缺氧反应器^［28］	硫代硫酸钠	废碱液	否	0.25
本研究	硫代硫酸钠+葡萄糖	三氯蔗糖生产废水二级处理出水	否	3.52

表2 国内外硫自养反硝化去除高浓度NO3--N研究成果

反应器类型	电子供体类型	废水来源	是否需pH缓冲	NO $3 -$ -N去除负荷/kg·m^-3·d^-1
填充床^［25］	单质硫	人工配水	是	1.47
CHSAD^［26］	单质硫+甲醇	人工配水	否	2.16
批次实验^［27］	硫代硫酸钠	人工配水	是	0.20
缺氧反应器^［28］	硫代硫酸钠	废碱液	否	0.25
本研究	硫代硫酸钠+葡萄糖	三氯蔗糖生产废水二级处理出水	否	3.52

表3 污泥样品中的生物多样性指数

样品	OTUs	Shannon	Simpson	Ace	Chao	覆盖率/%
接种污泥	513	4.39	0.03	532.35	529.89	99.87
驯化污泥	326	2.94	0.16	412.51	411.02	99.71

图3 微生物菌落在门、纲水平分布

图4 微生物菌落在属水平分布

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