吸附法去除环境中多环芳烃的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017.01.046

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 吸附法以其低成本、易操作、易回收等优点成为去除环境中多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons，PAHs）的主要方法。本文综述了近年来吸附法去除PAHs的作用机理及吸附剂的最新研究进展，阐述了PAHs分子与吸附剂之间的作用机理，包括π-π相互作用、酸中心、π络合及疏水性作用；总结了近年来用于吸附环境中PAHs的常用吸附剂，重点分析了生物质、土壤、碳材料、介孔材料等吸附剂去除PAHs的研究现状，从吸附机理的角度出发，探讨了材料改性对吸附能力的影响。通过比较这些吸附剂的优缺点，展望了各种吸附剂的发展趋势和应用前景，为开发更高效的吸附剂用于吸附环境中的PAHs提供了一定的研究思路。吸附法去除PAHs目前存在的主要问题是吸附剂难以再生及重复利用、易产生二次污染，这也是影响吸附法大规模工业化应用的主要障碍，因此加速新型高效吸附剂的开发、改性、回收及重复利用以及深化机理研究是吸附脱除PAHs的主要研究方向。

关键词: 吸附, 吸附剂, 吸附机理, 环境, 多环芳烃

Abstract: Adsorption has become a prevailing technique to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environment due to its low cost,easy operation and easy recovery. This paper reviewed the latest development of adsorption mechanism and the commonly used adsorbents for PAHs. The adsorption mechanisms including π-π interaction,acid-base theory,π-complexation and hydrophobic interaction have been well illustrated. Then we summarized the research progress on adsorbents,such as bio-materials,soil,carbon materials and mesoporous materials,etc. The influence of the material modification on the adsorption capacity was discussed from the perspective of adsorption mechanism. Furthermore,we analyzed the pros and cons and the applications of these adsorbents,which may provide a direction for the exploration of efficient adsorbents for the removal of PAHs. However,the main challenge is that the adsorbents are difficult to recycle and reuse and easy to produce secondary pollution,which is also the major obstacle for the large-scale industrial applications. Therefore,the development,modification,and recycling usage of novel and high-efficiency adsorbents,and the understanding of the underlying adsorption and regeneration mechanisms will be the main research directions for PHAs removal.

Key words: adsorption, adsorbents, adsorption mechanism, environment, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

中图分类号:

X506

王旺阳, 刘聪, 袁珮. 吸附法去除环境中多环芳烃的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(01): 355-363.

WANG Wangyang, LIU Cong, YUAN Pei. Advances on the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environment by adsorption[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2017, 36(01): 355-363.

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