绝缘油浸没预热NCM811动力电池的热特性及放电参数改善

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0855

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 1299-1307.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0855

绝缘油浸没预热NCM811动力电池的热特性及放电参数改善

鲁南¹(), 王海民¹^,²(), 王传伟¹, 胡学彬¹, 周建刚³, 柳文琴³, 赵峰³, 孟国栋³

^1.上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，上海 200093
^2.上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室，上海 200093
^3.东风商用车有限公司，湖北武汉 430056

收稿日期:2022-05-09 修回日期:2022-06-21 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-04-10
通讯作者: 王海民
作者简介:鲁南（1997—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为动力电池热特性分析。E-mail：ln1010110@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB0104400)

Thermal characteristics and improved discharge parameters of NCM811 traction battery immersed preheated by insulating oil

LU Nan¹(), WANG Haimin¹^,²(), WANG Chuanwei¹, HU Xuebin¹, ZHOU Jiangang³, LIU Wenqin³, ZHAO Feng³, MENG Guodong³

^1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
^2.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, Shanghai 200093, China
^3.Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co. , Ltd. , Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China

Received:2022-05-09 Revised:2022-06-21 Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-04-10
Contact: WANG Haimin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低温环境严重影响了电池放电性能，综合考虑多种预热方法对电池温度场分布的影响，利用绝缘油浸没加热NCM811电池，测试了不同低温环境下预热过程电池的温升速率、电池表面温差、不同电池剩余容量（SOC）下的电池1C放电时的放电参数。结果表明，NCM811电池低温性能良好，但是预热对于低SOC放电很重要，当SOC低于33.3%时，在-20℃的环境下，不预热则几乎无法放电。预热能明显改善低温下的电池放电性能、减小内阻，在-20℃的低温环境中将电池内部温度预热至0℃时，其温升速率可以达到0.31℃/s，对于100% SOC与33.3% SOC的初始电池状态，其对应的电池欧姆内阻分别降低至预热前的39.5%和37.9%，极化内阻则降低至预热前的15.4%和21.1%，即使是33.3%SOC的初始状态，1C倍率放出的容量可以达到充入容量的81.68%。

关键词: 锂电池, 浸没式预热, 绝缘油, 温升速率, 放电容量

Abstract:

Low-temperature environment seriously affects the battery discharge performance. Considering the influence of various preheating methods on the temperature field distribution of the battery, this paper used insulating oil immersion to heat the NCM811 battery. The temperature rise rate of the battery and the temperature difference in the battery surface during the preheating process in different low-temperature environments and the discharge parameters of the battery under distinctive SOC during 1C discharge were tested. The results showed that the NCM811 battery had good low-temperature performance, and preheating was very important for low SOC discharge. When SOC was lower than 33.3%, it was almost impossible to discharge without preheating at -20℃. Preheating could significantly improve the battery discharge performance at low-temperature and reduce the internal resistance. The rising rate of battery temperature could reach 0.31℃/s when the internal temperature of battery was preheated to 0℃ in a low-temperature environment of -20℃. For the initial battery states of 100% SOC and 33.3% SOC, the corresponding ohmic internal resistance of the battery decreased to 39.5% and 37.9% after preheating, respectively, and the polarization internal resistance decreased to 15.4% and 21.1% after preheating. Even in the initial state of 33.3% SOC, the released capacity at the 1C discharge rate could reach 81.68% of the charged.

Key words: Li-ion battery, immersing preheating, insulating oil, rate of temperature rise, discharge capacity

中图分类号:

TK01

鲁南, 王海民, 王传伟, 胡学彬, 周建刚, 柳文琴, 赵峰, 孟国栋. 绝缘油浸没预热NCM811动力电池的热特性及放电参数改善[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(3): 1299-1307.

LU Nan, WANG Haimin, WANG Chuanwei, HU Xuebin, ZHOU Jiangang, LIU Wenqin, ZHAO Feng, MENG Guodong. Thermal characteristics and improved discharge parameters of NCM811 traction battery immersed preheated by insulating oil[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(3): 1299-1307.

图/表 14

表1 电池基本参数

参数	数值
电芯型号	N21700CB-48
标称容量/A·h	4.6@1C
标称电压/V	3.60
充电截止电压/V	4.20
放电截止电压/V	2.50
电芯质量/g	70±1
电芯尺寸/mm	ϕ21×71
径向热导率k_r/W·m^-1·K^-1	1.16^[12]

图1 实验测试系统1—计算机；2—数据采集仪；3—绝缘油恒温室；4—泵；5—Test #1；6—Test #2；7—实物；8—冰箱；9—充电柜

图2 电池内部及表面的热电偶布置

图3 低温环境下电池内部温升

表2 电池内部温度达到预热目标所需要的时间

预热目标温度/℃	环境温度/℃	时间/s
0	0	—
	-10	60
	-20	97
5	0	47
	-10	77
	-20	115
10	0	73
	-10	113
	-20	138

图4 低温环境下电池内部温升速率

图5 将电池内部温度预热至10℃过程中外表面温度变化（环境温度为-20℃）

表3 ΔT1（A点与B点的温差）数值

预热目标温度/℃	环境温度/℃	ΔT₁/℃
0	0	—
	-10	4.4
	-20	4.6
5	0	3.7
	-10	4.0℃
	-20	4.1
10	0	3.4
	-10	3.6
	-20	3.5

表4 ΔT2（C点与B点的温差）数值

预热目标温度/℃	环境温度/℃	ΔT₂/℃
0	0	—
	-10	7.1
	-20	8.0
5	0	2.4
	-10	5.6
	-20	6.7
10	0	2.1
	-10	4.0
	-20	5.4

图6 0℃环境下1C放电曲线

图7 施加在电池上的脉冲电流以及电压响应

图8 不同电池实验工况下的欧姆内阻与极化内阻

图9 0.1C倍率（0.46A）充电过程中电池电压随SOC变化趋势

图10 不同实验工况下电池的放电比率

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绝缘油浸没预热NCM811动力电池的热特性及放电参数改善

Thermal characteristics and improved discharge parameters of NCM811 traction battery immersed preheated by insulating oil

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