CO2跨临界热泵系统特性再分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1148

化工进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 1252-1258.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1148

CO₂跨临界热泵系统特性再分析

胡余生^1,²(),刘雪涛³,李敏霞³(),徐嘉^1,²,李昱翰³

^1.空调设备及系统运行节能国家重点实验室，广东珠海 519070
^2.珠海格力电器股份有限公司，广东珠海 519070
^3.天津大学中低温热能高效利用教育部重点实验室，天津 300350

收稿日期:2019-07-18 出版日期:2020-04-05 发布日期:2020-04-28
通讯作者: 李敏霞
作者简介:胡余生（1978—），男，博士，教授级高级工程师，研究方向为制冷压缩机及电机技术。E-mail：huyusheng001@163.com。
基金资助:
空调设备及系统运行节能国家重点实验室开放基金(ACSKL2018KT02);天津市科技计划(16YFZCGX00080)

Reanalysis of characteristics of CO₂ transcritical heat pump system

Yusheng HU^1,²(),Xuetao LIU³,Minxia LI³(),Jia XU^1,²,Yuhan LI³

^1.State Key Laboratory of Air Conditioning Equipment and System Energy Conservation, Zhuhai 519070, Guangdong, China
^2.Gree Electric Appliances, INC. of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519070, Guangdong, China
^3.Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China

Received:2019-07-18 Online:2020-04-05 Published:2020-04-28
Contact: Minxia LI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在原有研究的基础上，结合实际系统，本文对CO₂跨临界热泵系统的特性进行再分析，通过参数计算，分析回热温度、气体冷却器出口温度、运行压力三种因素如何影响系统性能，提出提高CO₂热泵运行效率的方法。分析结果表明：回热器并不总有效，而是与气体冷却器出口温度有关，当温度小于某临界值时回热会降低系统运行制热性能系数COP_h，当温度大于此临界值时回热则有助于提高COP_h；对应气体冷却器出口温度存在最优压力，但实际压缩机的可承受压力是有限的，导致系统在某些气体冷却器出口温度下不能在最优压力下运行，同时在不同的排气压力下，存在气体冷却器出口温度最高限定值，否则COP_h不合理也不可接受；热泵出水温度以及气体冷却器出口温度共同影响系统排气压力的选择。

关键词: CO₂热泵, 跨临界, 制热性能系数, 回热器, 气体冷却器

Abstract:

Based on the original research, the characteristics of CO₂ transcritical heat pump system were reanalyzed combined with the actual system. How regenerative temperature, outlet temperature of gas cooler and operating pressure affect system performance was analyzed by parameter calculation. Methods to improve the efficiency of CO₂ heat pump operation were proposed. The analysis results showed that intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) is not always effective, but related to outlet temperature of gas cooler. When the temperature is lower than a certain critical value, IHX will reduce system operating efficiency COP_h. When the temperature is higher than the critical value, it will help to increase COP_h. There existed an optimum pressure corresponding to the outlet temperature of gas cooler, but the actual compressor’s tolerable pressure is limited, resulting in the system not operating under the optimum pressure at some outlet temperatures of gas cooler. Meanwhile, under different exhaust pressures, there existed the maximum limit values of outlet temperature of gas cooler, otherwise, the COP_h is unreasonable and unacceptable. The outlet water temperature and the outlet temperature of gas cooler affect the choice of exhaust pressure together.

Key words: CO₂ heat pump, transcritical, heating coefficient of performance (COP_h), intermediate heat exchanger (IHX), gas cooler

中图分类号:

TK124

胡余生,刘雪涛,李敏霞,徐嘉,李昱翰. CO₂跨临界热泵系统特性再分析[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(4): 1252-1258.

Yusheng HU,Xuetao LIU,Minxia LI,Jia XU,Yuhan LI. Reanalysis of characteristics of CO₂ transcritical heat pump system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(4): 1252-1258.

图/表 12

图1 带回热器的CO2跨临界热泵系统及T-s图

图2 不同排气压力、气体冷却器出口温度下COPh随过热度变化曲线

图3 不同气体冷却器出口温度下制热量以及压缩机功耗增长率随过热度变化曲线

图4 排气压力与气体冷却器出口温度临界值拟合曲线

图5 不同压力下焓值随温度变化曲线

图6 不同排气压力下节流损失随气体冷却器出口温度变化曲线

图7 不同排气压力下COPh随气体冷却器出口温度变化曲线

图8 气体冷却器出口温度与最优排气压力拟合曲线

图9 不同排气压力下气体冷却器出口限定温度随蒸发温度变化曲线

图10 压缩机在两个效率情况下的排气温度

图11 不同排气压力下节流损失与压缩功之比随气体冷却器出口温度变化曲线

图12 有无膨胀机COPh对比

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CO₂跨临界热泵系统特性再分析

Reanalysis of characteristics of CO₂ transcritical heat pump system

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