关键词: 厌氧生物处理, 厌氧菌, 监控技术, 分子生物学技术

Abstract: In anaerobic biological treatment of wastewater，real-time monitoring of anaerobic bacteria morphologic change and distribution in the sludge，and process control are important to increase wastewater treatment efficiency. This paper presented the developments of monitoring technologies processing this area. Determination of conventional indicators of reactor start-up，monitoring methods of bacterial communities’ morphology and molecular biology monitoring technologies were stated. The differences in accuracy and sensitivity among the three methods were summarized and compared. Combining the traditional monitoring methods with molecular biology techniques and transferring the target of fluorescent probe to the surface of cell membrane were also suggested as possible improvements. Furthermore，the application prospects of molecular biology techniques in the monitoring fields of anaerobic biological treatment of wastewater were proposed.

Key words: anaerobic biological treatment, anaerobic bacterium, monitoring technology, molecular biology technique