Abstract: The cell wall polysaccharides isolated from baker’s Saccharomyces cerevisiae consist of β-glucan and mannan. The composition and structural features of these two polysaccharides are introduced in this paper. The physical，chemical and biological modification methods and the properties together with the usage of derivatives are elaborated. In addition，the existing problems of modification are analyzed，and the direction，and tendency of S. cerevisiae cell wall polysaccharides modification in the future are prospected.