Abstract: Oxidative desulfurization (ODS) is a promising new method for deep desulfurization of oil，and H₂O₂ is the most common oxidant to be used. In this paper，we focused on the catalyzed oxidative desulfurization with H₂O₂ as oxidant，and also，the effects and mechanisms of different catalysts in the desulfurization，such as organic acid，heteropoly acid，molecular sieve and ionic liquid，were discussed. The prospect of deep desulfurization was presented.