Abstract: Renewable energy could be an alternative of fossil fuel for hydrogen production. Catalytic steam reforming of biomass fast pyrolysis oil is an economically feasible method for hydrogen production. In this paper，some typical reactor designs，process engineering，operation conditions，catalyst，reaction mechanism，and thermal analysis of catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil are presented. The bottleneck of catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil is the catalyst deactivation cased by carbon deposition. Development of a catalyst of high activity，high selectivity，high mechanical strength，long life，and easy regeneration as well as optimized reactor design are the important research directions in the future.