油品顺序输送界面跟踪技术与混油长度模型研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1014

化工进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 3697-3708.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1014

油品顺序输送界面跟踪技术与混油长度模型研究进展

范开峰¹(), 余春雨², 周诗岽¹, 万宇飞³, 郭晶晶⁴, 李思¹()

^1.常州大学石油与天然气工程学院，能源学院，江苏常州 213164
^2.中油国际管道有限公司，北京 100029
^3.中海石油（中国）有限公司天津分公司，天津 300459
^4.国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司华东分公司，上海 200000

收稿日期:2024-06-24 修回日期:2024-07-19 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-04
通讯作者: 李思
作者简介:范开峰（1987—），男，副教授，研究方向为油气安全流动保障技术。E-mail：fankaifeng@cczu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51904147);国家自然科学基金(51804153);中国博士后科学基金(2019M660176);中国博士后科学基金(2019M662566);常州市科技计划(CQ20230093)

Research progress on oil interface tracking technology and mixed oil length model in the batch transportation

FAN Kaifeng¹(), YU Chunyu², ZHOU Shidong¹, WAN Yufei³, GUO Jingjing⁴, LI Si¹()

^1.School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
^2.CNPC International Pipeline Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100029, China
^3.Tianjin Branch, CNOOC (China) Co. , Ltd. , Tianjin 300459, China
^4.China Oil & Gas Piping Network Corporation Eastern China Branch, Shanghai 200000, China

Received:2024-06-24 Revised:2024-07-19 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-08-04
Contact: LI Si

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在国家“双碳战略”和油气管道“全国一张网”建设的新型背景下，油气输送正呈现出新的格局，油品顺序输送面临的工况更加多元化、复杂化。混油界面精准跟踪与混油长度精准预测对多样油品切割时间确定、混油量计算、混油处理方案制定等技术指标影响巨大，是实现高质量、高标准顺序输送的重要技术保障，相关研究成果颇多，但现有技术的适用性、模型计算精度等方面仍存在许多不足与挑战。本文围绕油品顺序输送过程中的几个关键问题发展现状进行综述，首先阐述了油品顺序输送过程中影响混油特性的主要因素，并对具体影响规律和机理进行了分析。进一步地，分析了当前的混油界面跟踪与监测技术发展现状，指出了存在的技术缺陷和未来的发展方向。系统阐述了混油长度计算模型发展情况，当前的混油长度普遍采用Austin-Palfrey经验公式进行计算，计算精度和普适性仍待提高，当前缺少综合考虑管道参数、流动参数及水热力耦合过程的混油长度计算模型，缺少对混油长度计算模型从形式和内容进行全面创新和攻关的研究成果。未来应围绕我国油品顺序输送新形势下的复杂问题进行油品跟踪与监测、混油长度计算方面的创新工作，突破现有范式，为实现油品安全、高效、低碳输送贡献力量。

关键词: 顺序输送, 混油机理, 界面跟踪, 混油长度, 计算模型

Abstract:

In the context of China’s “Dual Carbon Strategy” and the nationwide construction of the “Integrated National Oil and Gas Pipeline Network”, the transportation of oil and gas is evolving into a new pattern. Batch transportation of petroleum products faces increasingly diverse and complex operational conditions. Accurate tracking of crude oil interfaces and precise prediction of crude oil lengths significantly influence the determination of cut times for diverse petroleum products, calculation of mixed oil volumes, and formulation of mixed oil treatment schemes. These technical indicators are crucial for ensuring high-quality and high-standard batch transportation. This paper provided a comprehensive review of the current developments surrounding several key issues in the batch transportation of petroleum products. Firstly, it elucidated the primary factors influencing the mixed oil characteristics during batch transportation and analyzed their specific influencing patterns and mechanisms. Furthermore, it examined the current status of development in mixed oil interface tracking and monitoring technologies, highlighting existing technical deficiencies and future directions for improvement. The paper systematically outlined the development of mixed oil length calculation models. Presently, calculations of mixed oil length commonly utilized the Austin-Palfrey empirical formula, yet there remained a need for enhanced accuracy and applicability. There was a lack of comprehensive research outcomes focusing on innovative approaches and breakthroughs in both the form and content of mixed oil length calculation models that integrated pipeline parameters, flow parameters, and the thermo-hydraulic coupling process. Future efforts should center on innovative developments in petroleum tracking, monitoring technologies, and mixed oil length calculations amidst the complex challenges posed by China’s new era of sequential petroleum transportation. These advancements aimed to transcend current paradigms and contribute towards achieving safe, efficient, and low-carbon petroleum transport.

Key words: batch transportation, mechanism of mixed oil, interface tracking, mixed oil length, calculation model

中图分类号:

TE832

范开峰, 余春雨, 周诗岽, 万宇飞, 郭晶晶, 李思. 油品顺序输送界面跟踪技术与混油长度模型研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(7): 3697-3708.

FAN Kaifeng, YU Chunyu, ZHOU Shidong, WAN Yufei, GUO Jingjing, LI Si. Research progress on oil interface tracking technology and mixed oil length model in the batch transportation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(7): 3697-3708.

图/表 9

图1 西部成品油管道顺序输送[12]

图2 混油段体积分数、混油段长度随时间及变径角度的变化[16]

图3 带有盲管的管道模型及50s时后行油品体积分布[21]

图4 不同冷油出站温度及地温为2℃时的混油浓度分布[31]

图5 西部成品油管道不同批次油品闪点衰减值随里程的变化规律[12]

表1 西部成品油管道不同批次柴油停输后的闪点值变化情况[12]

批次	柴油标号	停输时间/d	闪点值/℃		末站闪点衰减值/℃
批次	柴油标号	停输时间/d	首站	末站	末站闪点衰减值/℃
43	0^#	0	69.00	64.00	5.00
54	-35^#	0	67.25	64.00	3.25
71	0^#	2	68.00	62.50	5.50
64	-35^#	2	66.00	62.50	3.50
49	0^#	7	73.00	65.50	7.50
38	-35^#	7	66.00	62.00	4.00

图6 多分枝管道混油界面划分[50]

图7 GMR-M模型的建立过程[55]

表2 混油长度计算模型发展概况

模型名称	模型表达式	预测精度及适用范围
理论计算公式^[56]	$C = 4 α Z d L 3000 + 60.7 × R e p j 0.545 R e p j$	预测精度较好，普适性较好
Austin-Palfrey经验公式^[39]	$C = 11.75 d 0.5 L 0.5 × R e - 0.1 R e > R e j = 1000 e 2.72 d 0.5$ $C = 18384 d 0.5 L 0.5 × R e - 0.9 × e 2.18 d 0.5 R e < R e j = 1000 e 2.72 d 0.5$	“平滑区”预测值偏小，“陡斜区”预测值偏大，普适性较好
格拉管道经验公式^[57]	$C = 2.49 L 0.5$	计算结果只与管长有关，普适性差
修正的Austin-Palfrey经验公式^[35]	$C = 11.75 d 0.5 L 0.5 × R e - 0.1 + 9 (0.21 l n N + 0.96) u R e > R e j = 1000 e 2.72 d 0.5$ $C = 18384 d 0.5 L 0.5 × R e - 0.9 × e 2.18 d 0.5 + 9 (0.21 l n N + 0.96) u R e < R e j = 1000 e 2.72 d 0.5$	在兰成渝管道计算精度较高，普适性未验证
修正的Austin-Palfrey经验公式^[58]	$C = k i L i 0.5 D i 0.5 × R e i - 0.1$	在西南成品油管道预测精度较高，普适性未验证
变管径变流速计算公式^[59]	$C = ∑ i = 1 n ∫ t i - 1 t i d C = ∑ i = 1 n ∫ u i - 1 u i ∂ C ∂ u d u + ∫ L i - 1 L i ∂ C ∂ L d L + ∫ D i - 1 D i ∂ C ∂ D d D$	未广泛采用
初始混油计算公式^[60]	$C = C * 1 + P e d 16 Z 2 C 0 L 2$	适用于考虑初始混油的工况计算

表2 混油长度计算模型发展概况

模型名称	模型表达式	预测精度及适用范围
理论计算公式^[56]	$C = 4 α Z d L 3000 + 60.7 × R e p j 0.545 R e p j$	预测精度较好，普适性较好
Austin-Palfrey经验公式^[39]	$C = 11.75 d 0.5 L 0.5 × R e - 0.1 R e > R e j = 1000 e 2.72 d 0.5$ $C = 18384 d 0.5 L 0.5 × R e - 0.9 × e 2.18 d 0.5 R e < R e j = 1000 e 2.72 d 0.5$	“平滑区”预测值偏小，“陡斜区”预测值偏大，普适性较好
格拉管道经验公式^[57]	$C = 2.49 L 0.5$	计算结果只与管长有关，普适性差
修正的Austin-Palfrey经验公式^[35]	$C = 11.75 d 0.5 L 0.5 × R e - 0.1 + 9 (0.21 l n N + 0.96) u R e > R e j = 1000 e 2.72 d 0.5$ $C = 18384 d 0.5 L 0.5 × R e - 0.9 × e 2.18 d 0.5 + 9 (0.21 l n N + 0.96) u R e < R e j = 1000 e 2.72 d 0.5$	在兰成渝管道计算精度较高，普适性未验证
修正的Austin-Palfrey经验公式^[58]	$C = k i L i 0.5 D i 0.5 × R e i - 0.1$	在西南成品油管道预测精度较高，普适性未验证
变管径变流速计算公式^[59]	$C = ∑ i = 1 n ∫ t i - 1 t i d C = ∑ i = 1 n ∫ u i - 1 u i ∂ C ∂ u d u + ∫ L i - 1 L i ∂ C ∂ L d L + ∫ D i - 1 D i ∂ C ∂ D d D$	未广泛采用
初始混油计算公式^[60]	$C = C * 1 + P e d 16 Z 2 C 0 L 2$	适用于考虑初始混油的工况计算

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油品顺序输送界面跟踪技术与混油长度模型研究进展

Research progress on oil interface tracking technology and mixed oil length model in the batch transportation

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