天然化合物用于光引发体系的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0260

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

光聚合是一种较为理想的绿色合成途径，但目前大多数的商业光引发剂面临着毒性与环保问题，因此较为绿色的天然化合物成为光聚合研究领域的新热点。本文根据不同种类的天然化合物可通过其化学特性，直接或间接地参与光引发反应，提高体系的吸收波长范围，从而在发光二极管（LED）辐照下引发多种丙烯酸酯的自由基聚合反应和环氧化物的阳离子聚合反应等，概述了不同来源的天然化合物用于自由基聚合和阳离子聚合光引发体系的研究进展，展示了香兰素、丁香醛等多种天然化合物基光引发体系的独特优势和应用潜力，总结了目前所面临的提纯困难、产率低、氧阻聚等挑战，提出了后续研究应注重天然化合物的绿色提取与改性，以及天然化合物基阳离子光引发体系的开发等建议，为天然化合物用于光引发体系的设计及应用提供了参考。

关键词: 光聚合, 光引发体系, 天然化合物, 光敏剂

Abstract:

Photopolymerization is a relatively ideal green synthetic route, but currently, most commercial photoinitiators face toxicity and environmental issues. Therefore, more environmentally friendly natural compounds have become a new hot topic in the field of photoinitiating systems research. This study outlined the research progress of utilizing various natural compounds from different sources in free radical polymerization and cationic polymerization photoinitiating systems. It was based on the chemical properties of different types of natural compounds that can directly or indirectly participate in photoinitiated reactions, thereby expanding the absorption wavelength range of the system. It demonstrated the unique advantages and application potential of various natural compounds-based photoinitiating systems such as vanillin and eugenol, and outlined the challenges faced such as purification difficulties, low yield and oxygen inhibition polymerization. Suggestions were made for future research to focus on the green extraction and modification of natural compounds as well as the development of natural compound-based cationic photoinitiating systems, providing reference for the design and application of natural compounds in photoinitiating systems.

Key words: photopolymerization, photoinitiation systems, natural compounds, photosensitizers

中图分类号:

TQ61

李珺, 张毓, 吴新宇, 连海兰. 天然化合物用于光引发体系的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(2): 941-956.

LI Jun, ZHANG Yu, WU Xinyu, LIAN Hailan. Research progress on the use of natural compounds in photoinitiating systems[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(2): 941-956.

图/表 17

参考文献 62

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聚合类型	引发机理	使用的天然化合物	吸收波长范围/nm	辐照设备	添加剂	引发单体类型	参考文献
自由基聚合	Norrish Ⅰ型（裂解型）	香兰素	300~350	Hg-Xe灯		TMPTA/SOA	[24]
		丁香醛	300~385	LED@385nm		TMPTA	[25]
		丁香醛	300~385	LED@400nm		TMPTA	[25]
		香豆素	400~480， 500~550	LED@450nm		TMPTA/TAIC/TAC/APE	[26]
		香豆素	280~480	LED@375nm， LED@405nm	Iod，NPG/EDB	TMPTA	[27]
	Norrish Ⅱ型（夺氢型）	叶绿酸a	430~450， 640~660	LED@430nm， LED@640nm	EBiB/ FeCl₃·6H₂O	MMA	[28]
		焦脱镁叶绿酸a	420~427， 500~750	LED@405nm， LED@455nm， LED@625nm， LED@660nm	Iod,MDEA/ BDMA/DMA/Ribo/ Cys/Argi	PEGDA	[29]
		芝麻素	250~300	UV点光源	BP，CBP，OMBB	HDDA/TPGDA/ TMPTA/TMPTMA	[30]
		姜黄素	200~230， 400~450	LED@(392,455,518,594,636)nm，白LED	Iod，EDB/NVK/ TPMT/TPP	bis-GMA/ TEGDMA	[31]
阳离子聚合	自由基促阳离子	辣椒粉	300~550	氙灯	Iod	epoxidized gallic acid	[32]
	光敏阳离子引发	姜黄素	250~550	LED@(392,455,518,594,636)nm，白LED	ONI/NVK	bis-GMA/ TEGDMA	[33]
		β-胡萝卜素	400~500	LED@405nm	Iod，TT	EPOX/Lim/DPDO	[34]

聚合类型	引发机理	使用的天然化合物	吸收波长范围/nm	辐照设备	添加剂	引发单体类型	参考文献
自由基聚合	Norrish Ⅰ型（裂解型）	香兰素	300~350	Hg-Xe灯		TMPTA/SOA	[24]
		丁香醛	300~385	LED@385nm		TMPTA	[25]
		丁香醛	300~385	LED@400nm		TMPTA	[25]
		香豆素	400~480， 500~550	LED@450nm		TMPTA/TAIC/TAC/APE	[26]
		香豆素	280~480	LED@375nm， LED@405nm	Iod，NPG/EDB	TMPTA	[27]
	Norrish Ⅱ型（夺氢型）	叶绿酸a	430~450， 640~660	LED@430nm， LED@640nm	EBiB/ FeCl₃·6H₂O	MMA	[28]
		焦脱镁叶绿酸a	420~427， 500~750	LED@405nm， LED@455nm， LED@625nm， LED@660nm	Iod,MDEA/ BDMA/DMA/Ribo/ Cys/Argi	PEGDA	[29]
		芝麻素	250~300	UV点光源	BP，CBP，OMBB	HDDA/TPGDA/ TMPTA/TMPTMA	[30]
		姜黄素	200~230， 400~450	LED@(392,455,518,594,636)nm，白LED	Iod，EDB/NVK/ TPMT/TPP	bis-GMA/ TEGDMA	[31]
阳离子聚合	自由基促阳离子	辣椒粉	300~550	氙灯	Iod	epoxidized gallic acid	[32]
	光敏阳离子引发	姜黄素	250~550	LED@(392,455,518,594,636)nm，白LED	ONI/NVK	bis-GMA/ TEGDMA	[33]
		β-胡萝卜素	400~500	LED@405nm	Iod，TT	EPOX/Lim/DPDO	[34]

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