制革污泥蛋白质基生物质棉织物阻燃涂层的制备与阻燃性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1351

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 641-649.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1351

• 专栏：工业污泥/精馏釜残的热化学转化利用 • 上一篇下一篇

制革污泥蛋白质基生物质棉织物阻燃涂层的制备与阻燃性能

顾海洋¹(), 王冬¹(), 宗永忠², 付少海¹

^1.江南大学纺织科学与工程学院，江苏无锡 214122
^2.昆明南方水务公司，云南昆明 650000

收稿日期:2022-07-19 修回日期:2022-10-27 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-03-13
通讯作者: 王冬
作者简介:顾海洋（1996—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为制革污泥蛋白质的阻燃应用。E-mail：18905115520@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1902100)

Preparation and property of tanning sludge based biomass flame retardant coating protein for cotton fabric

GU Haiyang¹(), WANG Dong¹(), ZONG Yongzhong², FU Shaohai¹

^1.College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
^2.Kunming Southern Water Company, Kunming 650000, Yunnan, China

Received:2022-07-19 Revised:2022-10-27 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-13
Contact: WANG Dong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为合理探讨制革污泥蛋白质的应用领域，本研究以制革污泥蛋白质、植酸和壳聚糖为原料，通过层层自组装的方式在棉织物表面构筑生物质阻燃涂层。当涂层数达到15TL（three layers）时，通过SEM可以观察到涂层均匀地吸附在棉织物的表面。15TL棉织物的热分解温度（T_5%）下降，有利于保护炭层的生产，提升热稳定性。最重要的是，未整理棉织物接触火焰迅速燃烧，而15TL棉织物无法被火焰点燃，当火源离开后立即自熄。相比于未整理棉织物，15TL棉织物的热释放速率峰值（PHRR）和总热释放量（THR）分别下降了33.1%和38.9%，表现出了优异的阻燃性能，提高了火灾安全性。气相和凝聚相阻燃机理表明，在燃烧时生物质阻燃涂层释放出不可燃气体NH₃，并抑制热裂解产物可燃性气体CO、C-H化合物、醚类物质和羰基类物质的释放，同时促进棉织物表面生成石墨化程度高的保护炭层。

关键词: 制革污泥蛋白质, 阻燃涂层, 层层自组装, 棉织物

Abstract:

In order to explore the method of application field of of tannery sludge protein, the biomass flame retardant coating was constructed by layer-by-layer self-assembly on the surface of cotton fabric using tannery sludge protein phytic acid and chitosan as raw materials. When the coating number reached 15TL (three layers), it could be observed by SEM that the coating was evenly adsorbed on the surface of cotton fabric. The thermal decomposition temperature (T_5%) of 15TL cotton fabric decreased, which was beneficial to the production of protective carbon layer and improved the thermal stability. Importantly, unfinished cotton fabrics burned quickly when exposed to flame, whereas 15TL cotton fabrics could not be ignited by flame and self-extinguish immediately after the fire left. Compared with unfinished cotton fabric, peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release amount (THR) of 15TL cotton fabric decreased by 33.1% and 38.9%, respectively, showing excellent flame retardant performance and improving the fire safety. The gaseous and condensed analysis demonstrated that biomass flame retardant coating released non-flammable NH₃ gas, inhibited the effusion pyrolysis products as flammable gas CO, C-H compounds, ethers and carbonyl compounds, and promoted the generation of high graphitized protective carbon layer on surface of cotton fabrics.

Key words: tanning sludge protein, flame retardant coating, LBL self-assembly, cotton fabric

中图分类号:

TQ949

顾海洋, 王冬, 宗永忠, 付少海. 制革污泥蛋白质基生物质棉织物阻燃涂层的制备与阻燃性能[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 641-649.

GU Haiyang, WANG Dong, ZONG Yongzhong, FU Shaohai. Preparation and property of tanning sludge based biomass flame retardant coating protein for cotton fabric[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(2): 641-649.

图/表 14

表1 制革污泥蛋白质性质

纯度/%	相对分子质量	等电点	氨基酸占比/%	变性温度/℃
83	5000~35000	4.5±0.5	50.2	132.5

图1 生物质阻燃涂层的制备

图2 不同棉织物的红外光谱图

图3 不同棉织物的电镜图片和元素分布

图4 棉织物在氮气氛围下的热稳定性

表2 棉织物的热重数据

样品	T_5%/℃	T_max/℃	R_max/%·℃^-1	600℃残炭质量分数/%
未整理棉织物	324.5	398.8	-2.1	9.4
5TL	83.4	317.6	-1.3	30.6
10TL	88.6	310.8	-1.2	35.6
15TL	91.5	311.2	-1.3	37.1

图5 棉织物的锥形量热测试曲线

表3 棉织物的锥形量热测试数据

样品	PHRR/kW·m^-2	THR/MJ·m^-2	TSP/m²	COP/g·s^-1	LOI/%
未整理棉织物	283.5	7.7	0.32	0.034	17.2
5 TL	270.2	5.8	0.16	0.014	22.3
10 TL	247.9	5.6	0.09	0.012	26.7
15 TL	189.7	4.7	0.25	0.012	29.3

图6 垂直燃烧测试后残留物

图7 棉织物的TG-IR曲线

图8 棉织物在高温下裂解产物的吸收峰强度

图9 15TL棉织物炭渣的SEM-EDS分析

图10 棉织物炭渣的拉曼光谱曲线

图11 棉织物的断裂强力和水洗牢度测试

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制革污泥蛋白质基生物质棉织物阻燃涂层的制备与阻燃性能

Preparation and property of tanning sludge based biomass flame retardant coating protein for cotton fabric

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