活性碳纤维负载型脱硫剂在矿井气体环境条件下的应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0780

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

H₂S作为煤炭开采过程中经常会出现的气体，对煤矿的生产安全造成不利影响，必须进行脱除工作。然而煤矿中还可能存在其他组分的气体，这些气体可能会一定程度上影响H₂S的脱除。本文选取活性碳纤维分别负载氢氧化钠及氧化铜，并选取两种材料的最佳负载量。之后，模拟煤矿实际条件，探讨复合脱硫剂在实际矿井气氛条件下的脱硫性能。结果表明，煤体在受热情况下会产生的多组分混合性气体，这些气体会对脱硫剂性能产生极大的影响，当煤体温度升高，其产生的CO、CO₂等气体呈指数增大，并且会产生少量的CH₄、C₂H₆、C₂H₄、C₂H₂等气体，随着这些气体生成量增大，脱硫剂脱硫性能开始下降。且在矿井气体氛条件下SO₂气体的产生受到了抑制，特别在煤气组分含量大的情况下，SO₂气体甚至晚于H₂S气体出现。此外通过测量脱硫剂失活后的表面pH，发现即便在一些气体氛围下脱硫剂的脱硫时间更短，其脱硫后产物的表面pH极为相近，说明煤体产生的酸性气体CO以及CO₂等可能也被吸附到脱硫剂的表面上生成酸性物质。

关键词: 安全工程, 硫化氢脱除, 活性碳纤维, 矿井环境, 气体组分

Abstract:

As a gas that often appears in the process of coal mining, H₂S has an adverse impact on the generation safety of coal mines in China, and thus it must be removed. However, there may also be gases of other components in the coal mine, which may affect the removal of H₂S to a certain extent. In this paper, activated carbon fiber was selected to load sodium hydroxide and copper oxide, respectively, and the best load of the two materials was selected. Then, the actual conditions of coal mine were simulated to explore the desulfurization performance of composite desulfurizer under the actual mine atmosphere. The results showed that the coal produced multi-component mixed gases when heated, which had a great impact on the performance of the desulfurizer. When the temperature of the coal increased, the CO, CO₂ and other gases increased exponentially, and a small amount of CH₄, C₂H₆, C₂H₄, C₂H₂ and other gases were produced. With the increase of the amount of these gases, the desulfurization performance of the desulfurizer began to decline. Moreover, under the condition of mine gas atmosphere, the generation of SO₂ gas was restrained, especially when the gas component content was high, SO₂ gas even appeared later than H₂S gas. In addition, by measuring the surface pH value after deactivation of the desulfurizer, it was found that even if the desulfurization time of the desulfurizer was shorter in some gas atmospheres, the surface pH value of the desulfurized products was very similar, indicating that the acid gases CO and CO₂ produced by coal may also be adsorbed to the surface of the desulfurizer to form acidic substances.

Key words: safety engineering, hydrogen sulfide removal, activated carbon fiber, mine environment, gas composition

中图分类号:

TQ424.1

张辛亥, 赵思琛, 朱辉, 王凯, 张首石. 活性碳纤维负载型脱硫剂在矿井气体环境条件下的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(S1): 415-423.

ZHANG Xinhai, ZHAO Sichen, ZHU Hui, WANG Kai, ZHANG Shoushi. Application of activated carbon fiber supported desulfurizer in mine gas environment[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(S1): 415-423.

图/表 19

参考文献 19

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原料	供方公司名	型号
活性碳纤维粉	江苏科净	KJF1500型
去离子水	江苏沐阳	—
氢氧化钠	天津致远	分析纯（AR）
硝酸铜	北辰方正	分析纯（AR）
气体采样袋	上海顺潮	铝箔复合膜气体采样袋

原料	供方公司名	型号
活性碳纤维粉	江苏科净	KJF1500型
去离子水	江苏沐阳	—
氢氧化钠	天津致远	分析纯（AR）
硝酸铜	北辰方正	分析纯（AR）
气体采样袋	上海顺潮	铝箔复合膜气体采样袋

煤温 /℃	O₂ /%	N₂ /%	CO /μL·L^-1	CO₂ /μL·L^-1	CH₄ /μL·L^-1	C₂H₆ /μL·L^-1	C₂H₄ /μL·L^-1
40.00	20.22	73.36	179	2562	1.06	2.41	0
80.00	17.45	75.6	1349	17854	4.75	3.028	0.641
120.00	13.14	78.23	3376	22764	10.88	6.87	1.74
160.00	12.91	79.12	13174	26909	20.21	15.035	6.78

煤温 /℃	O₂ /%	N₂ /%	CO /μL·L^-1	CO₂ /μL·L^-1	CH₄ /μL·L^-1	C₂H₆ /μL·L^-1	C₂H₄ /μL·L^-1
40.00	20.22	73.36	179	2562	1.06	2.41	0
80.00	17.45	75.6	1349	17854	4.75	3.028	0.641
120.00	13.14	78.23	3376	22764	10.88	6.87	1.74
160.00	12.91	79.12	13174	26909	20.21	15.035	6.78

脱硫剂名称	H₂S出现时间/min	SO₂出现时间/min	穿透时间 /min	穿透硫容 /g-S·g^-1
AFC	5	5	10	0.0033
AFC-NaOH-4%	50	40	80	0.0278
AFC-NaOH-7%	105	85	165	0.0572
AFC-NaOH-10%	90	50	155	0.0505
AFC-NaOH-20%	65	50	100	0.0337
AFC-NaOH-40%	5	5	5	0.0017