电纺纤维素基活性碳纳米纤维的制备及吸附性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-0089

化工进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 3771-3777.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-0089

电纺纤维素基活性碳纳米纤维的制备及吸附性能

林皓¹, 吴艺琼², 胡家朋¹, 刘瑞来^1,2

1. 武夷学院生态与资源工程学院, 福建省生态产业绿色技术重点实验室, 福建武夷山 354300;
2. 福建师范大学材料科学与工程学院, 福建省高分子材料重点实验室, 福建福州 350007

收稿日期:2017-01-16 修回日期:2017-04-10 出版日期:2017-10-05 发布日期:2017-10-05
通讯作者: 刘瑞来,博士,副教授,主要从事天然高分子材料研究.
作者简介:林皓(1979-),男,硕士,副教授,主要从事天然高分子及其水处理技术研究.E-mail:48717294@qq.com.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51406141），福建省教育厅项目（JK2014052，JZ160333）及国家大学生创新性实验（201710397014，201710397016，201610397040）项目。

Activated carbon nanofibers produced from electrospun cellulose nanofibers and its adsorption behavior

LIN Hao¹, WU Yiqiong², HU Jiapeng¹, LIU Ruilai^1,2

1. Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, Fujian, China;
2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China

Received:2017-01-16 Revised:2017-04-10 Online:2017-10-05 Published:2017-10-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 活性碳纳米纤维由于比表面积大、导电、导热性好、孔隙率高等优点，得到人们广泛关注。如何进一步提高得碳率、比表面积和孔隙率，是制备活性碳纳米纤维面临的主要问题。以静电纺丝（电纺）纤维素纳米纤维为基体，在N₂气氛下分别采用ZnCl₂和NH₄Cl化学活化法制备活性碳纳米纤维（ACNF），采用热重、扫描电镜、透射电镜和N₂吸附-脱附等温线表征ACNF的形貌与性能。实验结果表明：电纺制备的纤维素前体直径为250nm±60nm，直接碳化纤维发生一定程度熔融黏结，破坏纤维形貌。采用ZnCl₂和NH₄Cl活化处理后，碳化温度降低，纤维不发生熔融黏结，得碳率从15.6%增加到33.2%～38.3%。活化处理后碳纤维平均孔径从1.10nm减小到0.7nm，BET比表面积从320.12m²/g增加到450.35m²/g。活化处理后，ACNF对亚甲基蓝的饱和吸附量从110.25mg/g增加到163.49mg/g，增加了48%。

关键词: 电纺, 活性碳纳米纤维, 活化, 吸附, 废水

Abstract: Activated carbon nanofibers with large surface area,high electrical and thermal conductivity and high porosity have gained extensive attentions. How to further increase the yield of carbon,surface area,and porosity has been a hot issue to date. The activated carbon nanofibers(ACNF)was prepared by using electrospun cellulose nanofibers as matrix and impregnated in ZnCl₂ and NH₄Cl solutions,followed by carbonization in nitrogen atmosphere. The structure and morphology of ACNF were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm analysis. The results showed that cellulose precursor with diameter of 250nm±60nm are prepared by electrospun and fibers are fused with adhesions after direct carbonation. Carbonated temperature decreased,and fused nanofibers did not observed,and the yield of ACNF increased from 15.6% to 33.2%-38.3% after impregnation with ZnCl₂ and NH₄Cl solutions. The pore size of ACNF decreased from 1.10nm to 0.7nm,and BET specific surface areas increased from 320.12m²/g to 450.35mg/g. The saturated adsorption capacity of methylene blue increased from 110.25mg/g to 163.49mg/g,by 48%.

Key words: electrospinning, activated carbon nanofibers, activation, adsorption, waste water

中图分类号:

TQ323.4

林皓, 吴艺琼, 胡家朋, 刘瑞来. 电纺纤维素基活性碳纳米纤维的制备及吸附性能[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(10): 3771-3777.

LIN Hao, WU Yiqiong, HU Jiapeng, LIU Ruilai. Activated carbon nanofibers produced from electrospun cellulose nanofibers and its adsorption behavior[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(10): 3771-3777.

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电纺纤维素基活性碳纳米纤维的制备及吸附性能

Activated carbon nanofibers produced from electrospun cellulose nanofibers and its adsorption behavior

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